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Redwoods

Transcript: Green, John. Birds of Prey Coloring Book. New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1989. Stokes, Donald & Lillian. A Guide to Bird Behavior, Vol. III. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1989. Terres, John K. The Audubon Society Encyclopedia of North American Birds. New York: Random House, 1996. An amoeba catching its prey SIMILARITIES These are two examples of the damage blight fungus can cause to trees http://www.ryenats.org.uk/detail1.htm http://www.dalswildlifesite.com/thecuckooflowermilkmaid.htm Amoeba The differences between us is that thermophiles reproduce sexually and asexually unlike us where we reproduce sexually. Another difference is that they get there energy from hydrogen and humans get it from oxygen. The last difference is that we change in structure and thermophiles don't change. Northern Spotted Owls Owls are just one of the few animals that live in the California Redwoods. If you examine them, you will come to realize that they are similar to humans. Like humans, these owls have eukaryotic cells, meaning they are multicellular. Speaking of cells, they have animal cells like we do. In comparison to humans, owls reproduce sexually and not asexually. Owls are mammals like us. Like owls, we are capable of eating meat. Owls also have an audible range similar to humans. These are only a few similarities between humans and owls. Unlike humans, these owls lay eggs and hatch them, which is different from our reproduction process. Owls are carnivorous, and unlike them, we are omnivores. Ever heard of building your own home? Yes? Well, owls don't do that. They find natural nests, but we don't go around finding natural houses. In contrast to our eye sights, owls can only see straight forward, which is why they have flexible necks that bend all the way back. We, unlike these creatures, cannot see perfectly in the dark. These special birds hardly come out in the day when it is time for humans to roam around. Lastly, we are not the hunting type of mammal anymore like owls are. Owls and humans can be compared and contrasted without difficulty. <http://library.thinkquest.org/oro212089/therm.htm Bacteria This is an example of a milkmaid that bloomed February in February. DIFFERENCES Wearing, Judy. Fungi New York: Crabtree Publishing Company. Dawe, Angus. Research: Fungal Molecular Biology and Genetics. <http://biology-web.nmsu.edu/dawe/Site/Research.html> http://www.zephyrus.co.uk/protistkingdom Redwood Ecosystem Humans and blight fungus are also different in some ways. A contrasting feature between humans and blight fungus is that blight fungus can reproduce BOTH sexually and asexually. Unlike blight fungus, we as humans can get a cure when we get sick, but blight fungus gets weak and dies. The last difference is that humans and blight fungus are multicellular, however, blight fungus is a very deadly desies to trees and plants. Milkmaids Blight fungus and humans are similar in many ways. A comparison between blight fungus and humans is that both are heterotrophs, which means we can't make our own food. Like blight fungus, we are multicellular. The last similarity is that both blight fungus and humans are eukaryotes which means that our cells have a nucleus. Eman Raja Works Cited Amoeba are some of the organisms living in the Redwoods. They live in either ponds, ditches, or slow moving streams. Amoeba, unlike humans, are unicellular. This cell contain a nucleus along with a cell membrane, food vacuole, cytoplasm, pseudo podium, and a contractile vocuole. When amoeba spot prey, usually other protists, they use their pseudo podium to make a barrier around the prey's body. Amoeba also eat desmids, or microscopic plants. They surround the plant and start respiring, or breathing, oxygen off the plant. When an amoeba is in this proccess, carbon dioxide seeps from its body. Another interesting thing is that an amoeba can barely can be seen by the naked eye. Valerie Martinez Eman Raja Ruby Galindo Manuel Carrillo Mark Gil Manuel Carrillo Blight Fungi In comparison both humans and thermophiles are eukaryotes because we both have a nucleus in our cells. We both get most of all of our energy from oxygen. The last thing we have in common is that we both have Co2 in our bodies. Similarities Milkmaids are some of the flowers that grow in the Redwood forest. They bloom till January-May. Milkmaids also are some of the first spring flowers. Flowers respond in different ways. They get their energy from photosynthesis. Both humans and Milkmaids reproduce sexually. Also like Milkmaids we both are multicellular. Milkmaids grow with water and sun. We humans grow little by little. In the same way, Milkmaids grow little by little from a seed to a flower. Milkmaids and humans are different because milkmaids are plant cells. Finally, milkmaids are found in moist areas. Differences

Redwoods

Transcript: Growing off the Stump Types of Redwoods The Redwoods Why I choose the Redwood I choose the redwood because to see these majestic creatures and how small you are compared to them is inspiring. I currently live in Northern California and have visited the Redwood National forest, Yosemite and Tahoe and driven, stood next to and even drove through these enormous plants. "About Coast Redwoods." <i>About Coast Redwoods</i>. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 May 2014. <http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=22257> Molder, Rex. "What a Tree Needs to Grow." eHow. Demand Media, 1 Mar. 2011. Web. 19 May 2014. <http://www.ehow.com/info_8004510_tree-needs-grow.html>. Powers, Amber. "Ms. Powers' ESL Class." : Food Webs Continued. N.p., 28 Apr. 2011. Web. 19 May 2014. <http://eslpowers.blogspot.com/2011/04/food-webs-continued.html>. "Redwood tree seeds?." Redwood Trees Reproduction page. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 May 2014. <http://student.santarosa.edu/~jlaramie/dreamweaver/final_project/project3.html>. Energy Ecology All trees need light, soil, water and carbon dioxide The redwood forest is a unique environment where animals and plants live. The organisims that live here are specially adapted or live on its fringes, along rivers or in clearings. The tall redwood trees themselves do not provide much food for animals, and their leaves make the soil toxic for most plants. Large animals- Mountain lions, bobcats, deer, black bears Small animals- foxes, owls and racoons The North West Coast of the United States is the home to many of these giants. During the year it rains quite a lot in this thin coastal strip and it is quite foggy most of the time. This way the tree can absorb enough water. Most of the tallest trees can be found in the wet river valleys on fertile soil. The coast redwood forests have an abundant undergrowth (among which there are a lot of ferns) The mighty redwood Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Coniferophyta Class: Pinopsida Order: Pinales Family: Taxodiaceae Coastal Redwood forests contains more than 200 plant species. In fact, the amount of biological material in redwood forests amounts to a biomass that is 8 times that of the Amazon rainforest! Besides the redwood trees other common trees in the redwood forest are Douglas Fir, Tan Oak, Big-Leaf Maple and being so moist in the coastal climate, a wide variety of lichens, fungi, and mosses are found as well as mushrooms. Redwoods are monoecious, meaning both male and female cones are born on the same tree but on they are on different branches. The pollen is shed in winter or in spring the fertilized cones ripen in early fall to shed their seeds in late fall and early winter. Cones are only produced after they reach the canopy and can use direct sunlight for energy. Redwoods start to bear their seeds when they are about five to fifteen years old. The seeds are normally ready to grow soon after they have fallen to the ground, as long as the soil is moist and the weather is warm enough. One tree can produce six million seeds in one year. Another way that redwoods grow is by sprouts spontaneously erupting and developing around the circumference of the tree trunk. Each sprout will develop its own root system, with the main sprouts forming a ring of trees around the parent root crown or stump. 2 Hats, Jimmy (2013). People in tree [Photograph]. Retrieved from <http://jimmy2hats.com/2013/06/25/redwood-national-park/>. 2 Hats, Jimmy (2013). Tall tree [Photograph]. Retrieved from http://jimmy2hats.com/2013/06/25/redwood-national-park/ Arborea (2010). The Giant Redwoods of California [Photograph]. Retrieved from <http://arboreamusic.blogspot.com/2010/04/giant-red-woods-of-california.html>. Baselt, Dave (2014). Foothill Trail, Redwoods National and State Parks [Photograph]. Retrieved from http://redwoods.info/ Kiefer, Dale (2011). Mushrooms [Photograph]. Retrieved from http://www.earthtimes.org/health/hallucination-magic-mushrooms-expand-mind/1443/ Majchroucz, Alan (2013). Redwoods Coast California [Photograph]. Retrieved from http://alanmajchrowicz.com/category/columbia-river-gorge/ Morris, Tom (2009). Basic Plant Biology [Photograph]. Retrieved from http://morriscourse.com/elements_of_ecology/chapter_6.htm Rose, Cindi (2012). Paul Bunyan [Photograph]. Retrieved from http://www.examiner.com/article/paul-bunyan-and-babe-the-blue-ox-alive-and-well-northern-california Light-redwood trees need light for photosynthesis, which is the process that trees make there food Soil-redwood trees require alot of soil, the soil give the trees a good anchor for the roots Water-redwoods get lots of water from the dense fog and that covers Northern California Carbon Dioxide- This is what the trees breath, this is also a key component in photosynthesis There are 3 types of Redwoods Giant- The giant redwood can live more than 3,000 years, are massive in size, have a thicker trunk and tend to grow in the Sierra Nevada Coastal- is the tallest of any tree on earth and grows on the California coast Dawn- was

REDWOODS

Transcript: REDWOODS Redwood Trees also known as Sequoia trees are the largest living trees in existence. In a remote part of Redwood national park lives Hyperion, the tallest tree in the world. It's current height is no less than 379.1 ft tall. Besides their height, Redwoods are incredibly thick, their trunks ranging anywhere from eight feet to twenty feet in diameter. Depending on the amount of fluid they intake, Redwoods can grow two or three feet annually thus making them one of the fastest growing organisms in existence. There's no such things as secrets between Redwoods. Their roots are shallow, but their all intertwined with each other making them one giant organism. Due to their intertwined roots, Redwood Trees sometimes end up growing and living in a circle which is can sometimes be referred to as a Fairy Ring. Redwood Trees have been a part of this planet for over 240 million years. All Redwoods have the ability to live to at least 2,000 years old. However, during the Gold Rush, a lot of these trees were cut down. Because of this, most of the redwoods we see today are somewhere between 50-150 years old. Because of their ridiculously long lifespan redwood trees are recognized as one of the longest living organisms in the world. At least 40% of a Redwood's fluid intake comes from fog PICTURE TIME Breyer, Melissa. “11 Facts about Coast Redwoods, the Tallest Trees in the World.”TreeHugger, Treehugger, 12 Sept. 2017, www.treehugger.com/natural-sciences/11-facts-about-coast-redwoods-worlds-tallest-trees.html. Heimbuch, Jaymi. “5 Fascinating Facts about Redwood Trees.” MNN - Mother Nature Network, Mother Nature Network, 31 May 2017, www.mnn.com/earth-matters/wilderness-resources/blogs/5-fascinating-facts-about-redwood-trees. Szalay, Jessie. “Giant Sequoias and Redwoods: The Largest and Tallest Trees.” LiveScience, 4 May 2017, www.livescience.com/39461-sequoias-redwood-trees.html. Staff, Sempervirens Fund. “Article.” Ten Amazing Facts About Redwoods, Hilltromper, 2013, hilltromper.com/article/ten-amazing-facts-about-redwoods. Works Cited

Redwoods

Transcript: mammals, aquatic life, insects, reptiles, birds JUNIOR RANGER PROGRAM There is a Visitor Center open year round. There you can shop for your needs and wants. 350 ft tall trees Vine Maple Mushrooms Red Alder etc. Weather You may want to watch out for: High Tide Tsunamis Wild Fires $1.25 NP Prezi Since every month is nice you can go hiking on trails and pathways! History The redwoods have a program called the Junior Ranger Program. This allows the kids (and adults) to experience being a junior ranger of there own and look out for things that may be concerning or important. When filling out a pamphlet you get a badge (as seen on the left). Redwoods Topography The history of the Redwoods is fascinating. This park was founded by the Europeans during the gold rush. People thought the Redwoods were good for logging. The indian tribes were already there when the Europeans founded the Redwoods and the tribes protected the park by killing the Europeans. Animals Animals in the park are very diverse. They have elk, sea lions, butterflies, and even a few whales. Ingrid O. & Kori K. National Park Frenzy These are very common but they won't harm your visit at the park!!!!!!! Plants The park is home to the tallest trees in the world that people are flocking to come see. People can also see the streams, beaches, and various flat lands. Today the Redwoods is a national park. The park honers its history by saving some artifacts such as: Huts, Dances, etc. Video

REDWOODS

Transcript: Vocab List Anthropogenic changes Madej, M.A. 2010 "Redwoods, restoration, and implications for carbon budgets" Geomorphology 116: 264-273 FUEL LOADING CARBON Sequoia sempervirens Aaron Hogan Ambientes Terrestres October 15, 2013 DISCUSSION interaction between terrestrial and aquatic freshwater habitats ENDANGERED (EN) 80% of old growth forest harvested several carbon pools in the forest (trees, understory, forest floor, coarse wood debris, soil) Madej, M.A. 2010 "Redwoods, restoration, and implocations for carbon budgets" Geomorphology 116: 264-273 Small river with steep terrain in North America 1995 EEL RIVER - discharged 2.35 e5 Mg C to the ocean in a single flood event (27 Mg/ km^2) Large-scale tractor logging operations Windfall is an important component of in-channel wood loading in redwood basins HIGH WINDS- killing individuals or small clumps of trees (exposes soil) LANDSLIDES- provide sediment and wood to California's rivers. Carbon RESULTS 1978 throughout early and mid 1900's Redwoods National Park interactions between vegetation and geomorphic processes have implications for carbon budgets erosion and sediment dispersal. Anthropogenic sources can release carbon "The fate of trees that enter streams and rivers from mass movements depends on the size and steepness of the channel" 1997 Aerial Photographs Farjon, A. & Schmid, R. 2013. Sequoia sempervirens. In: IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 11 October 2013. THE GREAT REDWOODS CONCLUSIONS Restoration efforts extensive road networks caused massive ersosion and landslide events Road removal to decrease erosion quantified in- channel wood loading capacities of tributaries of the Redwood Creek based on previous literature. ~10 % of pre-settlement distribution currently 7% of Land cover in Redwood Creek basin was roads IUCN status Timber Harvest and Road Construction increases landslide frequency shade tolerand long- lived tree that can live up to 2200 yrs. thick, fibrous, fire- resistant bark widespread lateral root system with no taproot decay resistant - good lumber ability to resprout from basal burls greater than 100 m tall trunk volumes 700-1000 sq. m Comprise some of the largest stocks of biomass in the world (~3500 Mg. / Ha) REFERENCES LOGGED EXTENSIVELY SOILS: METHODS: First and second order streams lack the power to mobilize large organic debris vs Wood is mobilized further downstream. Wood loads are slightly higher in steeper areas also affects hydrology - resulting in the loss of root strength, erosion and higher soil moisture Fuel Loads In-channel wood loading sediment yield vs.sediment storage channel morphology topography geomorphic processes carbon budget More History Long-term land-cover change Long-term effects on wood loading and carbon- nutrient dynamics. Fire Climate Change Lumber harvest; carbon sink -> carbon source CARBON BUDGET California - Washington Multi-faceted nature of the carbon budget Pacific Northwest In- channel wood loading In 1968, the lower Redwood Creek was channelized with control levees to limit carbon export to the ocean hummocky topography mass movements wood loading in streams leads to the occurence of debris flows Redwood boles and rootwads provide aquatic stream habitats by affecting sediment storage capabilities and channel morphologies. Landslides- strip vegetation and deliver carbon directly to the drainage network (very efficient export of carbon) Redwoods National Park (RNP) some basin exceed 20% ground disturbance, greatly increases sediment production tallied in-channel wood for numerous watersheds in the study area. REDWOODS

Redwoods

Transcript: White Bald Eagle Wildlife Steller's Sea Lion A Giant The worst the fire will do to the giant trees is carve out a giant hole that you can drive your car right through! Roosevelt elk Coastal giant salamander Forest The trees can live through a fire due to the tannin in their system which doesn't repel fire, but helps to keep it from spreading. A redwood tree can live to be 2,000 years old and grow to be about 300ft tall!

Redwoods

Transcript: Non-Fiction Language Arts: North American Folklore Science: Teaching tree anatomy & ecology Help your students discover the worlds tallest living thing and one of the most majestic resources in California. Math: Teaching tree measurement and graphing tree heights. Beautiful illustrations Easy to Read Makes a scientific topic fun! Opens the door for all sorts of creative extensions such as....... History: 1906 San Francisco Earthquake, Effect/Effect of Logging, Conservation. Fun outdoor activity!

Redwoods Presentation

Transcript: The Redwood Forest https://www.britannica.com/animal/cricket-insect https://www.fs.fed.us/visit/know-before-you-go/mountain-lions Steller's Jay Gray Fox http://www.sonic.net/~shwand/grasshoppers/grasshoppers.htm Sambucus cerulea Eptesicus fuscus Banana Slug Tamiasciurus douglasii Wood Boring Beetle Lace lichen (Ramalina menziesii) http://wildlifeofct.com/common%20raccoon.html http://naturemappingfoundation.org/natmap/facts/douglas_squirrel_712.html Puma concolor Northern Spotted Owl Ariolimax https://www.amazon.com/Blue-Elderberry-Seeds-Sambucus-caerulea/dp/B06ZZ58T33 Northern Flying Squirel Methuselah’s Beard (Usnea longissima) https://nature.mdc.mo.gov/discover-nature/field-guide/gray-fox https://www.rentokil.co.za/blog/woodworms-the-wood-boring-beetles/ https://fineartamerica.com/featured/bobcat-in-forest-teri-virbickis.html Redwood Sorrel Big Brow Bat Pin lichen (Calicium abietinum) California Hazel https://sempervirens.org/discover-redwoods/redwoods-wildlife/banana-slugs/ Bubo virginianus http://fieldguide.mt.gov/speciesDetail.aspx?elcode=AMACC04010 Works Cited "Blue Elderberry Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea." Calscape, California Native Plant Society, calscape.org/Sambucus-nigra-ssp.-caerulea-(Blue-Elderberry). Accessed 26 Oct. 2019. "Coniferous Forests." Conserve Energy Future, www.conserve-energy-future.com/coniferous-forest.php. "Ecology of the Coast Redwoods." Ecology Info, www.ecology.info/redwood.htm. Accessed 28 Oct. 2019. Holmes, Russ. "Redwood Sorrel." U.S. Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture, www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/plant-of-the-week/oxalis_oregana.shtml. Accessed 26 Oct. 2019. Jensen, Ed. "California Hazel." Common Trees of the Pacific Northwest, Oregon State University, oregonstate.edu/trees/broadleaf_genera/species/cali_hazel_sp.htm. Accessed 26 Oct. 2019. John, Sara. "Abiotic Factors in the Redwood Forest Ecosystem." Hunker, www.hunker.com/13428999/abiotic-factors-in-the-redwood-forest-ecosystem. Accessed 26 Oct. 2019. K, Thomas. "Ariolimax columbianus." Animal Diversity Web, U of Michigan Museum of Zoology, animaldiversity.org/accounts/Ariolimax_columbianus/. Accessed 26 Oct. 2019. "Northern Flying Squirrel." Nature Works, PBS, nhpbs.org/natureworks/northernflyingsquirrel.htm. Accessed 26 Oct. 2019. Nuwer, Rachel. "In Towering Redwoods, an Abundance of Tiny, Unseen Life." New York Times [New York], 19 Apr. 2016, sec. D, p. 3. The New York Times, www.nytimes.com/2016/04/19/science/in-towering-redwoods-an-abundance-of-tiny-unseen-life.html. Accessed 26 Oct. 2019. "Redwood Bark Beet." Natural Resources Canada, Canada Government, tidcf.nrcan.gc.ca/en/insects/factsheet/1000139. Accessed 26 Oct. 2019. "Redwoods and Climate." Sempervirons, sempervirens.org/discover-redwoods/redwoods-climate/. Accessed 26 Oct. 2019. Corylus cornuta https://www.laspilitas.com/nature-of-california/plants/780--corylus-cornuta-californica Procyon lotor Lynx rufus Crickets https://www.savetheredwoods.org/blog/wonders/meet-the-treetop-lichen/ Buprestidae Urocyon cinereoargenteus Strix occidentalis caurina Gryllidae Glaucomys sabrinus Tree Hair lichen (Bryoria fremontii) Great Horned Owl Acridomorpha https://leavesofplants.blogspot.com/2012/04/redwood-sorrel.html http://www.birdseyeviewphotography.com.au/blog/?p=2060 Bobcat Racoon Mountain Lion Blue Elderberry https://www.flatheadaudubon.org/bird-of-the-month/great-horned-owl/ https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Stellers_Jay/id Red Beard lichen (Usnea rubicunda) https://kaniksulandtrust.org/2019/09/01/flying-squirrel/ Grasshopper Lichens https://www.pacificforest.org/species/northern-spotted-owl/ Oxalis oregana Douglas Squirel Cyanocitta stelleri

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