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Vaginismus Rounds Presentation

Transcript: ter Kuile et al. 2013 (JCCP) Efficacy trial of therapist-aided exposure for lifelong vaginismus N = 70; randomized wait-list group tx group Graded exposure tx (3, 2h sessions within 1 week) to feared penetration "objects" (fingers, dilators) Sessions were guided by a therapist and partner Exposure homework (2-3x/day) Results? Differing Severity of Vaginismus Sexual Response Described healthy level of sexual desire Unsure if she has reached orgasm Not interested in giving or receiving oral sex and does not masturbate or watch erotica due to religious reasons Results Education & Employment Post-secondary degree Currently working in government No evidence of the effectiveness of these treatments is available from controlled studies (e.g., van Lankveld et al., 2010) Assigned Homework: Sensate with Joe Daily relaxation exercises Dilator 1 (30-minutes in duration) Symptoms Overview Often paired with some form of relaxation exercise Teaches how to gain control over & relax muscles Time of insertion varies 10 min- sleeping with dilator every second night Finger penetration has been found helpful to initiate dilation Logging dilation Helpful for accountability and allows for clinician support Assigned Homework Relaxation training prior to and following exposures Exposure: insert Q-tip and finger (5-7x week) for 10-minutes Medical Treatment Primary (lifelong) Vaginismus: Never experienced pain-free sexual intercourse Reissing, 2009; ter Kuile, Both & van Lankveld, 2010 Importance of understanding vaginismus as both a physical and psychological condition (Rosenbaum, 2011) Clinical Interview childhood & family hx relational hx psycho-social hx messages about sex religious orientation penetration hx amount of pain (1-10) anxiety associated with various types of penetration (tampon, Q-tip, finger, gynecological exam, dilator, intercourse) history and inability to tolerate a gynecological exam Validated Measures: Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI; Rosen et al., 2000) Vaginal Penetration Cognition Questionnaire (VPCQ; Klaassen & TerKuile, 2009) Extremely supportive Described a normal level of sexual desire No difficulties with erections or ejaculation Denied engaging in masturbation or viewing erotica Due to religious faith Lamont's Classification (1979) DSM 5 (2013) Sessions 3-4 A history of intercourse feeling like "Hitting a brick wall" or "There is no hole down there" The ability to successfully treat vaginismus is related to the severity of the condition (Pacik, 2014) influenced by both amount of vaginal spasm and degree of fear/anxiety Relationships & Sexual Response Medical History No significant health concerns No drug or alcohol use Interested in starting a family Vaginismus: A Review of the Literature and a Case Study Future Treatment Plans Personal History Vaginismus patients often require more than botox to achieve a successful outcome Botox does not cure associated difficulties such as unrelenting fear of penile penetration; self-image concerns (Pacik, 2011) Questions? Under-reported difficulty discussing with family/friends, docs Difficulties tolerating gynecological examinations Misdiagnosed minimal education in med-schools, residencies, medical meetings Burning or stinging with tightness during sex Difficult or impossible penetration, entry pain Ongoing sexual pain of unknown origin Difficulty inserting tampons or undergoing a pelvic/gynecological exam Spasms in other body muscle groups (legs, lower back, etc.) and/or halted breathing during attempts at intercourse Avoidance of sex due to pain and/or failure Fear and anxiety The etiology of vaginismus is unknown Dilator Therapy Progressively larger dilators are used to help the woman to become comfortable with vaginal penetration Homework Adherence: Daily PMR Success with dilator 1; dilator 2 (tip) noted easier to complete when Joe is away Uncomfortable with fantasy novels Suzie presented with an extreme case of vaginismus and generalized anxiety She was highly motivated for tx Therapy addressed and worked to overcome unhelpful sex-related thoughts and debunk sexual myths Religious views prevented particular exercises A significant obstacle was her extreme vaginal spasms ("vagina to toe") PT referral "Hitting a Brick Wall" Homework Daily relaxation Exposure: Dilators 1-2 Joe's finger Consider fantasy novels Thought record Etiology of Vaginismus Case Study:"Suzie" Evidence-based treatment van Lankveld et al., 2006 first RCT N = 117 with lifelong vaginismus WLC Group CBT CBT bibliotherapy format Treatment: 3-months Challenges Challenges with consistency of dilator 1 Evidence for CBT Mark Kim Malan, Vern Bullough (2005) Conducted a literature review and reported that church members are divided on their moral views about masturbation Bi-weekly to weekly sessions CBT focus with graded exposure exercises Time limited by Resident's contract ongoing "recurrent or persistent involuntary spasm of the musculature of the outer third of the vagina that interferes with

Rounds Presentation

Transcript: Team - SLP, OT, TA 4-5 sessions/client Ax 2-3 Tx sessions with TA Follow up/Prescription Waitlist management 12 clients Phone History prior to Ax Plan: 3 Goals “The goal is to connect these children and youth to the services they need as early as possible and improve the service experience of families in three key areas: 1. Identifying kids earlier and getting them the right help sooner Trained providers ...will screen for potential risks to the child’s development as early as possible. 2. Coordinating service planning New service planning coordinators ... will connect families to the right services and supports. 3. Making supports and service delivery seamless Integrating the delivery of rehabilitation services...Services will be easier to access and seamless from birth through the school years.” (http://www.children.gov.on.ca/htdocs/English/topics/specialneeds/strategy/index.aspx) Barriers and Reflections Barriers Identifying and Meeting Our Client Needs 1. Increasing awareness amongst first responder community.  2. Offering resources and training , e.g., CDAC for frontline workers, and possibly sharing information via catchment agencies’ web sites.  3. Review role of signifier/arm band (with or without CAN symbol). The client and family may make use of aid (if their preference) in order to help first responder. 1. Kingston ACS Screening Clinic Screening Assessment Existing Screening Measures 2. Early AAC Intervention. Triaging select clients on waitlist. Prospective clients may not benefit from high tech intervention. Offered recommendations and treatment. Placement on wait list removed or adjusted accordingly. Minimizing/mitigating service gaps, i.e., more seamless service.  9 clients seen across 3 clinics: Language Express (PSL Smiths Falls); Pathways for Children & Youth (IBI); and Early Expressions (PSL Kingston)  5/9 referrals, i.e., 4 potentially inappropriate referrals not received. *Community providers rated quality of service and benefit of recommendations 5/5. Satisfaction and meeting clients' needs 4/5. Liked specific activity examples and strategies most. Results Preliminary Planning Stage Tyler Levee, M.Cl.Sc, S-LP (C), Reg.CASLPO Problem 6/12 clients seen Purpose and rationale  Community partners promote use of high tech systems for face-to-face communication. Sometimes inappropriate suggestions for system and/or implementation made. Opportunity to offer recommendations, suggest system or resource. Occasionally inappropriate referrals received, e.g., a client has functional speech or he/she is preintentional or not a symbol user. Meeting needs across large catchment and narrows/shortens wait list. 3. Identification of Communication Needs to First Responders Jessica Whynot, RECE,CDA, Therapy Assistant Long waitlist Complex cases Not necessarily appropriate for high tech Proposed initiatives to meet these needs: Concerns, Barriers, and Benefits Clients not appropriate for high tech - sent with low tech goals to work on One-to-one Tx - clinic is consultative Integrated services with other teams (Special Needs Strategy)  Composite checklist of essential AAC skills, e.g., intentional communication attempts, recognition and discrimination of symbols  Obtain additional valuable information inc. ability to match item to category, access needs, etc. Serves as guideline  Communication and Symbolic Behaviour Scales – Developmental Profile (CSBS-DP)  Augmentative Communication Interaction Checklist (Church & Glennen, 1992)  Meaningful Use of Speech Scale (MUSS) (Robbins & Osberger, 1992)  Augmentative and Alternative Communication Information and Needs Assessment (Beukelman & Mirenda, 1992)  Communication Matrix (Rowland, 2004)  Interactive Checklist for Augmentative Communication (INCH) (Bolton & Dashiell, 1991) Greater sensitivity than specificity? I.e., based on items alone, it is not great at identifying those who meet criteria but would not be eligible for prescription (emerging speech, unintelligible speech, DAS).  Poor reliability? Recognition and discrimination for novel symbols. Some clients were able to demonstrate skills only after multiple teaching trials. Others were able to demonstrate skills with own device, symbols. Inconsistent intake (coordinator vs. community ACS clinician) and misunderstanding amongst community providers. Resource intensive. Assessment Overview Special Needs Strategy Scheduling/time of the year Referral information was outdated SLP only available one day per week  Avoid stigmatization. Are clients visibly labeled by wearing signal and/or arm band? Do specific goals outweigh this concern?  Client needs may/may not be visible. Benefit for first responders to seek out system/device, seek contact information, ask family or guardians about need for system.  Nil traction with regional EMS. A number of contacts made. Possible to collaborate at provincial level?  Soliciting honest feedback re. the proposal, contacts and coordination process. Please see

Grand Rounds Presentation

Transcript: Grand Rounds Presentation surgeries left buttock tissues have extensive soft tissue density likely reflecting acute inflammation. Day One HCT – 42.3 HGB – 14.0 WBC – 4.36L PLT – 285 NA – 135 K – 3.7 CL – 100 CO2 – 27 Research articles: Current data suggest that most abscesses can be treated successfully with incision and drainage alone. Antibiotic choice is more crucial for management of cellulitis. With increasing resistance to antibiotics, it is important to figure out which cases can be treated without antibiotics. discharge planning Plans for discharge were not yet being arranged for R.G. during my time at clinical, though I knew his destination would be at home with his girlfriend and two children. R.G.’s support system consists of his girlfriend and his best friend. Patient was not in need of any specific equipment before discharge. pathophysiology Banasik, J. and Copstead, L. (2009). Pathophysiology. Published by W.B. Sanders Co. Deglin, J.H., Vallerand, A.H., Sanoski, C.A. (2011). Davis drug guide for nurses: 12th edition. F.A. Davis Company. Fitch, M.T., Manthey, D.E., McGinnis H.D., Nicks, B.A., and Pariyadat, M. (2008). A skin abscess model for teaching incision and drainage procedure. BMC Medical Education 2008, 8:38. Odell, C.A. (2010). Community-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) skin infection. Current Opinion in Pediatrics 2010, 22:273–277. Mayo Clinic. (2011). Mrsa infection. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/mrsa/DS00196. WebMD. (2011). Skin abscess: treatment and symptoms. http://www.emedicinehealth.com/abscess. admitting diagnosis: left gluteal abscess; MRSA Patient Teaching phsyical assessment Use verbal and nonverbal therapeutic communication approaches such as empathy, active listening, and confrontation to encourage the client and family to express emotions as sadness, guilt, and anger (within appropriate limits); verbalize fears and concerns, and set goals. Be supportive of coping behaviors; allow the client time to relax. Inicision & drainage X2 (+) MRSA acute pain r/t injury agents [incision @ peri-rectal area] treatments full code nkda NPO "What is this medication & why I am taking it?" Day Two HCT – 38.2 L HGB – 12.5 L WBC – 18.3 H PLT - 358 wound culture - L.gluteal abscess REFERENCES interventions: Assess pt pain level by using a valid & reliable self-report pain tool such as the 0-10 numerical rating scale Administer opiods orally or intravenously, provide PCA when appropriate & available. Nursing diagnoses medications vancomycin 1250mg q8hrs IV Dilaudid PCA 30mg IV PRN Pelvic CT scan - Meet R. G. - physical assessment All findings WNL except Skin - incision @ L. peri-rectal area from surgery, painful & swollen w/ serosanguinous drainage diagnostics Abscesses are caused by an obstruction of oil or sweat glands, inflammation of hair follicles, or from minor breaks in the skin. Bacteria enter the breaks in the skin or the gland, which initiates your body's inflammatory response. The middle of the abscess liquefiies, and contains dead cells, bacteria & other debris. This area begins to grow, creating tension under the skin & further inflammation of the surrounding tissues. IV - R. forearm LR @ 75ml/hr Foley catheter Penrose drain X 4 dressing change @ wound site daily by Nicole Roldan Ineffective coping related to inadequate social support. current illness Laboratory Findings "What are you looking for?" Medications - Heparin

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