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Intercultural Communication

Transcript: Intercultural communication Social convention Aceptation Fundaments Culture is an ability that just humankind posses A serial of hitngs and events dependents of the symbolic Etnocentrism The basic skills of intercultural communication are fundamentally general communication skills that can be used universally by all cultures and races. These skills are simply tweaked in a direction that takes the cultural limitation into consideration. An example of such communication skills in the intercultural environment is to listen without judging, repeat what you understand, confirm meanings, give suggestions and acknowledge a mutual understanding. Intercultural communication is of importance to international businesses as it examines how people from different cultures, beliefs and religions come together to work and communicate with each other. Demands for intercultural communication skills are increasing as more and more businesses go global or international. They realize that there are barriers and limitations when entering a foreign territory. Without the help of intercultural communication they can unknowingly cause confusion and misunderstandings.

Intercultural communication

Transcript: Visiting the Irish Pub Relaxed atmosphere Main language = English being relaxed is in their nature English is obligatory for waiters Irish people haven't got as many opportunities to drink beer Connection with course Facts: Belgium and Ireland are indeed not very different Manchester First visit: Observation Questions ? Disagreements Lewis Model Always less women because of beer drinking culture Even fewer women because of football Italians and Spaniards are indeed multi-active UK isn't as linear-active and reactive as the Lewis Model suggests More men than women Agreements Findings: Intercultural Communication Second visit: Confirmation Almost everyone drinks beer He, she, and (s)he Schalke More men than women A lot of different cultures On average days: 80% = Flemish 20% = Other cultures When football: more African people

Intercultural Communication

Transcript: Importance of Intercultural Communication Do you think 3 students from 3 different countries can discuss political issues? Asking questions Cognitive constructs Lance Reducing Enthocentrism What is Culture? Affective understanding that are learned through a process of socialization 3. Connection/Relation Png Ning Being Polite Shared patterns of behaviors and interactions Take Home Message Intercultural Communication Jia Yuan (Eric) 1. It's not an option What is in your NAME? General Guidelines Do you think there is a cultural difference between... Klara Avoid jargons Noelle Zhou Yi (Zoey) Fang Bing (Michael) Dave Arij Improves knowledge of other cultures. Bolsters success in business and career. Helps avoid awkward moments 2. We are linked - There are different cultures - It is important to acknowledge these differences - Guidelines are not static - DO it to LEARN it Christopher Hui Xin

Intercultural Communication

Transcript: If there is EC, both may know that A's attitude to B is one of sexual attraction, friendship, hate, dominance or submission. There may be a rapid sequence of communications, in which EC plays a central part, and which serves to establish the relationship between A and B. Definition of Communication The communication process is complete once the receiver has understood the message of the sender. David Cohen. (2007). Body Language What You Need To Know. London: Ashford Colour Press. Allan Pease. (1981). Body Language How To Read Other’s Thoughts by Their Gestures. Australia: Pease Training Corporation. Susan Quilliam. (2004). Body Language. London: Carlton Books Limited. A. Arms crossed Anger Pursed lips, lowered brow The crossed arms may tense and pull into the side of the body, the hands clenched into fists unconsciously “Arms crossed” , a negative signal Defending themselves against something Eye Contact C. Using forefinger A sensitive signal Use carefully Japan/ Hong Kong Using forefinger to calculate, pointing at someone or something is acceptable Western countries It is forbidden To insult or provoke someone During EC each person knows that the other is attending primarily to him, and that further interaction can proceed Albert Mehrabian’s finding: Spoken words: 7% Voice tone: 38% Facial expression: 55% (iv) Leg cross = they are among people whom they don't know well = negative or defensive =appear insecure and causes others to react accordingly open legs = openness or dominance crossed legs = closed , submissive or defensive attitude For women : intends to stay , not leave / access denied For man : close leg protect masculinity Borg, John. Body Language, 2008 Mehrabian, Albert& Morton Wiene(1967): Decoding of inconsistent communications. Journal of personality and social psychology Argyle, Michael, Veronica Salter, Hilary Nicholson, Marylijn Williams& Philip Burgess(1970): The communication of inferior and superior attitudes by verbal and non-verbal signals. Engleberg, Isa N. Working in Groups: Communication Principles and Strategies. My Communication Kit Series, 2006 Blatner, Adam. “About Nonvferbal communications.” 29.June 2009. Web.4 Mar.2010 Argyle,M.(1990).Bodily Communication(2nd edition).New York: International University Press Content No matter where you from, no matter what gender you are, no matter how old you are, facial expression will not be different. "impaled before the glance of another" VS "loved and confirmed as a person" 1. Repeating (iii) Foot-forward -body weight is shifted to one hip + leaves the front foot pointing forward. -pointing at where the mind wants to go e.g. group situation Point foot at one person= showing interest point feet at the nearest exit = want to leave Eye Contact and Conclusion Male : combine with clenched fists resting on the knees Happiness Sadness Anger Fear Contempt Disgust Surprise Facial Expression Language and non-verbal communication Chan Wing Sze, Ruki Choi Sze Yan, C Chung Kai Leong, Khris Ho Sui, Mandy Kwong Chi Wang, Cadence 1. Introduction 2. Definition of language & communication 3. Language and non-verbal communication 4. Interaction of verbal and non-verbal communication 5. Facial expression 6. Eye contact 7. Conclusion A. Arms crossed A closed mind, a blocking function The listener may not taking in your talk Disagreement - The shoulders are tensely raised, with some head shakes Taking a rest - Leaning back in a chair for a while Facial expression is visible upon human face Each expression represent different emotion respectively Lasts less than one second, up to one second Cannot be fake 3. Complementing It is a motor skill Looking for feedback Mostly done just before the ending of a speech Facial Expression always seen on your face… Language and Non-verbal Communication Body Language Purpose An Important source of information about someone’s attitude e.g. Repetitively tapping / making short jabs in the air with foot = frustration at not being able to escape . what we don’t want to leaving or staying in a conversation. 2) To go towards what we want and move away from show a person’s commitment e.g. open or uncrossed = an open or dominant attitude crossed = closed attitudes or uncertainty Legs and feet Concealment and Exhibitionism (ii) Legs apart -Both feet firmly on the ground = making clear statement that no intention of leaving (macho-looking attitude) -Predominantly a male gesture showing masculinity Interaction of verbal and non-verbal communication Establishment and Recognition of Social relationship Functions of eye contact Body Language The relative importance of verbal and non-verbal communication may be different in different studies, but we can still find that NVC functions a lot. Non-verbal and verbal communication complements each other Non-verbal cues used to elaborate on verbal messages when trying to achieve communication goal When non-verbal behavior is used as the sole channel for communication of a message Example: body

intercultural communication

Transcript: ? turkey turkey love belgium france holland food holland france belgium belgium turkey belgium holland china china france china france china belgium fear turkey holland friendship france turkey china holland happyness

PowerPoint Game Templates

Transcript: Example of a Jeopardy Template By: Laken Feeser and Rachel Chapman When creating without a template... http://www.edtechnetwork.com/powerpoint.html https://www.thebalance.com/free-family-feud-powerpoint-templates-1358184 Example of a Deal or No Deal Template PowerPoint Game Templates There are free templates for games such as jeopardy, wheel of fortune, and cash cab that can be downloaded online. However, some templates may cost more money depending on the complexity of the game. Classroom Games that Make Test Review and Memorization Fun! (n.d.). Retrieved February 17, 2017, from http://people.uncw.edu/ertzbergerj/msgames.htm Fisher, S. (n.d.). Customize a PowerPoint Game for Your Class with These Free Templates. Retrieved February 17, 2017, from https://www.thebalance.com/free-powerpoint-games-for-teachers-1358169 1. Users will begin with a lot of slides all with the same basic graphic design. 2. The, decide and create a series of questions that are to be asked during the game. 3. By hyper linking certain answers to different slides, the game jumps from slide to slide while playing the game. 4. This kind of setup is normally seen as a simple quiz show game. Example of a Wheel of Fortune Template https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Wheel-of-Riches-PowerPoint-Template-Plays-Just-Like-Wheel-of-Fortune-383606 Games can be made in order to make a fun and easy way to learn. Popular game templates include: Family Feud Millionaire Jeopardy and other quiz shows. http://www.free-power-point-templates.com/deal-powerpoint-template/ Quick video on template "Millionaire" PowerPoint Games Some games are easier to make compared to others If users are unsure whether or not downloading certain templates is safe, you can actually make your own game by just simply using PowerPoint. add logo here References Example of a Family Feud Template PowerPoint Games are a great way to introduce new concepts and ideas You can create a fun, competitive atmosphere with the use of different templates You can change and rearrange information to correlate with the topic or idea being discussed. Great with students, workers, family, etc. For example: With games like Jeopardy and Family Feud, players can pick practically any answers. The person who is running the game will have to have all of the answers in order to determine if players are correct or not. However, with a game like Who Wants to be a Millionaire, the players only have a choice between answers, A, B, C, or D. Therefore, when the player decides their answer, the person running the game clicks it, and the game will tell them whether they are right or wrong.

Intercultural Communication

Transcript: A brief history... South Africa Ancient History 500 BC - San People Colonization 16th Century - Porteguese Dutch East India Company - 1652 English/Dutch Rule 19th century Slow evolution of democracy Afrikaner Nationalism Apartheid Regime - 1948-1991 ANC comes to power, end of apartheid - 1994 An exception... Hofestede's data at times only refelcts the view point from whites in South Africa. Why?? Pre/Post Apartheid Individualism 65 Ranked 20 -Value freedom and independence in the work place -Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory -Tasks prevail over relationship building -Students speak their mind in clas -Purpose of learning is to get ahead in life -Inequality in education - meant to be -Birth family most important -Similiar to U.S. or European individualsim Uncertainity Avoidance 49 Ranked 60-61 -Less rules, but still followed strictly -Time frame for orientation -Focus on decision process -Flexible system of rules -Mary Douglas - "dirty" -Ideas as dirty - play into racism -Intellectual disgreements = positive -Role of parents w/in education Masculinity 63 Ranked 17-18 -Certain occupations for each gener -Men expected to work - "breadwinners" -Competition valued -Girls cry, boys don't -Facts vs. feelings - mother and father roles -Girls' role w/in a classroom -competition emphasized, once again -Strive to be the best student Long Term Orientation 34 Ranked 59-60 -Liesure time -"Bottom Line -Abstract Reality -Success = Luck -Math and Science study -Family pride -Tradition -Folk Wisdom - example of Mbeki Recommendations: In business: -Understand that competition is motivation; use this to your advantage in conducting business and signing contracts -Money is a motivating factor -Focus on business and less on personal relationship development -Employees are generally self-interested -Time is money, therefore use every minute wisely In school: -Complete a college education -Degrees are highly prioritized, and the higher degree one holds, the higher their respect may be -Speak up and be opinionated -Challenge teachers and professors -Hard work determines one’s success in life Within the family: -Specific tasks are designed for each gender -As a man, do not show much emotional instability -As a woman, your role is a caretaker -Family is considered only immediate family By Kelly Wynveen A Note: and the United States of America: 2002 March IDV - 91, ranked #1 UAI - 44, ranked #64 MAS - 62, ranked #19 Poverty, disease, corruption IMF & World Bank Many African countires w/in this range.... USA Why?? South Africa A Cultural Comparision -Data represents nation as it is today - "Rainbow Nation"

Intercultural Communication

Transcript: *General Facts about Germany *General Facts about Japan *Hoffstede Cultural Dimensions Graph *Сomparison and explanation *Communication styles *Gestures in Germany *Gestures in Japan *Video *How to make business with Japan *How to make business with Germany *Performance *Discussion *Conclusion *Sources Communication Styles GESTURES IN GERMANY In Germany, it is considered impolite to talk to a person with your hands in your pockets It's impolite to sit with the bottom of your shoes facing the person to whom you are speaking. - Nazi sign Usually germans dont use a lot of body language Gestures in Japan Making Business with Germany *Book meetings at least 2-3 weeks in advance. *Meetings are functional, formal and usually stick to a set agenda including start and finish times. Ensure the information you provide is in written format and presented scientifically. Once a decision has been reached minds are very rarely changed. Punctuality is a serious issue, being early or late shows disrespect for peoples' time Germans will be direct to the point of bluntness In Japan, a business meeting cannot start until business cards are exchanged. Very important to be punctual. Some Japanese close their eyes when they want to listen intently. Don’t see contracts as final agreements so they can be renegotiated. Japanese understand it is very difficult for foreigners to do business Appointments should be made several weeks in advance. If possible, wait to be introduced as it can be seen as impolite to introduce yourself, especially in a large gathering It may take several meetings for Japanese to become comfortable to conduct business with you. Cultural differences are really important when you want to make a business. That's why we think it's always good to be prepared and know some things about the culture with whom you're going to negotiate. This would keep you from having unwanted misunderstandings and have a succesfull meeting and relationship with the other part. Thank you for your attention! JAPAN 1 J A P A N 2 Impatience for achieving quick results, and a strong concern with establishing the "truth”. 8 *Those who dress according to their status or position impress the Japanese. Dress to impress. *Women should not wear pants in a business situation. Japanese men tend to find it offensive *Women should only wear low-heeled shoes to avoid towering over men. *The Japanese do not talk with their hands and to do so could distract your host. . Would you feel offended if you would've been in the German business man position? People rather “live in order to work” and draw a lot of self-esteem from their tasks. Japanese nodding or saying “yes” only means they are listening to what you are saying. It does not indicate agreeme Putting harmony of group above the expression of individual opinions. Indicating Agreement G E R M A N Y JAPAN J A P A N *Drinking is an important part of Japanese culture. It is a way to relieve business stress. *An empty glass is an invitation for someone to serve you more. *If you are invited to the home of your Japanese host, consider it a great honor and display a tremendous amount of appreciation. *It is perfectly acceptable to slurp your noodles. Doing so will exhibit your enjoyment of your food. To do otherwise, indicates that your meal was not a pleasant one. *Gift giving is very important both business and personal gifts *They do not touch in public. It is highly inappropriate to touch someone of the opposite sex in public. Making Business with Japan G E R M A N Y 3 Behavior Conclusion JAPAN Behavior GERMANY Drive for perfection in their material production; Japanese workaholism is good expression of their masculinity. Cultural Differences Between Germany and Japan Eye Contact 9 Appearance Communication JAPAN 4 one G E R M A N Y 6 GERMANY Maintain direct eye contact while speaking. 7 Saving Face More up for communicating and discussing. Don’t like to admit a mistake or failure; Japanese tend to see criticism as personal. GERMANY J A P A N Communication General Facts about Germany If the German says “yes” he means it. Discussion GERMANY Tend to be suspicious of words; more concerned with actions. They believe in using silence as a way of communicating. There is a strong belief in the ideal of self-actualization. Population: 127.5 million inhabitants Political system : Constitutional Monarchy Currency: Yen (1 ? 143 JPY) GDP: 4,3 billion $ Income per capita: 31.200 $ - 3 ‘’Compare countries’’. NA. Germany. ND. Google. Internet. 12-06-2011. Available link: http://geert-hofstede.com/germany.html - 6 ‘’Comparisons German and Japanese’’. Redsch, Oliver. – Miyaishi, Satoru. – Heinemann, Axel. – Fiedler, Georg. – Puschell, Klaus. – Yamamoto, Hideki. & Ishizu, Hideo. Comparison of German and Japanese General Practitioners’ Awareness of Suicide and Attitudes toward Patients with Suicidal Ideation. Acta Medica Okayama. 2006. Google. Internet. 12-06-2001. Available link:

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