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GERD

Transcript: think of it backwards.... in this case, the food is going down the esophagus to the stomach and during reflux, acid from the stomach goes up the esophagus if the acid reaches high enough, it can go down the trachea to the larnyx/voicebox causing other complications An organ system that breaks down food while absorbing nutrients used by the body for energy. Complications can cause a change in the esophageal lining (Barrett's Esophagus) the esophagus sleeping on your right side causes acid to easily flow down to your esophagus -extra saliva: neutralizes small amounts of gastric acids that back up in esophagus can lead to cancer -saliva neutralizes acid Thank you for viewing this public education piece about GERD by not lying down for at least three hours after eating -causes added pressure on the stomach area, making it harder for the LES to function Nicotine eat dinner earlier Teeth GERD occurs in the Some examples are... gastroparesis -sometimes it feels like a heart attack or angina eating small meals at a time the trachea Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) connected to the mouth branches out into two directions: flat cells called squamous epithelium make up the esophageal lining (squamous mucosa) trouble swallowing makes/secrets bile (bile eliminates waste from blood and digests fat) Pancreas Alcohol mint flavourings spicy food alcohol Some foods... hoarseness, coughing uses contractions (preistalsis) to send food down to stomach the top of the stomach is folded around the base of the esophagus and stitched there this tightens the area around LES which helps to keep it closed H2 blockers blood vessels absorb most of the water + remaining minerals Infants usually grow out of GERD by the time they are 1 year old. Stomach anyone -closes to contain stomach contents (food and acid) By: Neha Patel The Pharynx Produce new cells that form scar tissues... Which thicken the esophageal lining causing esophageal stricture... But, if you have it for more than twice a week, you should get evaluated for GERD. throat and laryngeal inflammation Treatment Carbonated beverages Liver and it makes pushing food down the esophagus to the stomach difficult. sleeping on your stomach causes acid to slide easily up your esophagus. An injured esophageal lining because of the exposure of stomach acids... lined with villi which has blood vessels that absorb nutrients Salivary Glands -when acid stays in stomach for too long, it backs up into esophagus The Mouth nausea they block histamine receptors that signal your stomach to produce acid infection of the lungs frequent heartburn -in a healthy digestive system, if stomach contents slide up the esophagus, muscles would contract and push it back up loosing weight What Is GERD? muscular tube connecting pharynx to stomach -irritates and reddens esophageal lining -relaxes LES muscles Caffeinated drinks obesity by not drinking alcohol The Digestive System -stomach takes to long to empty to GERD elevating upper portion of body while sleeping Some examples are... GERD reduces production of stomach acids appears to repair the damage of the esophageal lining Possible Contributions -digests carbohydrates citrus fruits + juices quitting smoking Heartburn is the burning sensation that occurs in the esophagus once acid enters it. The lining of the esophagus is sensitive causing the pain of heartburn. overweight or pregnant people are more likely (because of the added pressure on their stomachs also known as the colon irritate the esophagus Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease sleeping on your left side prevents acid from flowing into your esophagus Not everyone with heartburn and reflux has GERD Preventing Heartburn and GERD -because of gravity, acid would not slip up the esophagus as easily because of gravity... men, women, infants, children ends at the rectum, which stores food waste Having GERD can lead to other disorders... -causes stomach to create more acid pregnancy chewing gum after meals GERD in Children and Infants -having a full stomach relaxes LES -grinds/mashes food into smaller pieces alcohol use ulcers and bleeding in the esophagus (esophageal erosion) -serious complication has strong muscular walls coffee also uses peristalsis esophageal scarring uses peristalsis to move food around wearing loose clothing -when upper portion of stomach moves upward to chest hiatal hernia The End. Over-the-counter antacids -when acid reflux reaches trachea Gall Bladder tomato based food Large Intestine -digests carbohydrates, fats, proteins etc. -kills harmful bacteria Because of the acid reflux that occurs when you have GERD... With a relaxed LES, it will stop opening and closing when it is supposed to, causing it to be more likely for acid to back up. relax the LES Alka Seltzer secrets enzymes - a muscular valve found between the stomach and esophagus -opens to let food in -activated when a you swallow -the LES of a GERD patient opens/closes frequently increase of saliva The Esophagus acid regurgitation -less

GERD

Transcript: Lifestyle Inhibits H+, K+, -ATPase transporter to decrease acid production by parietal cells. Cations and anions of compounds react with HCl in stomach to create products like water. These products then increase gastric pH. Common SEs are GI based: constipation, diarrhea, flatulence Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease GERD Head of bed elevation Food avoidance Posture post meals Salivation Inhibit histamine release in histamine-2 receptors on the parietal cells of the stomach, which, in turn, decreases gastric acid secretion. Epidemiology: 10-12% in Western world and <5% in Asia. Not very many common SEs - primarily GI based Concerning SEs includes rhabdomyolysis and increased risk of bone fracture H2 Antagonists Ranitidine, Famotidine, Cimetidine, Nizatidine Obesity, pregnancy, smoking, asthma, delayed stomach emptying Regurgitation Flow of refluxed materials into pharynx. Materials generally include mostly acid from stomach with some food particles last ingested. Chronic digestive disease that occurs when stomach acid or, occasionally, bile refluxes into the esophagus. Proton Pump Inhibitors Omeprazole, Esomeprazole, Lansoprazole, Pantoprazole Antacids Magnesium, Aluminum, Calcium, or Sodium based Acid from the stomach enters the esophagus due to a malfunctioning LES. Not very many common SEs - primarily GI and CNS (drowsiness, dizziness, headaches) Risk Factors Heartburn Burning sensation in esophagus occurs most commonly postprandial. Due to acid climbing up esophagus and irritating surfaces. Dysphagia Difficulty swallowing most commonly occurs due to strictures.

PowerPoint Game Templates

Transcript: Example of a Jeopardy Template By: Laken Feeser and Rachel Chapman When creating without a template... http://www.edtechnetwork.com/powerpoint.html https://www.thebalance.com/free-family-feud-powerpoint-templates-1358184 Example of a Deal or No Deal Template PowerPoint Game Templates There are free templates for games such as jeopardy, wheel of fortune, and cash cab that can be downloaded online. However, some templates may cost more money depending on the complexity of the game. Classroom Games that Make Test Review and Memorization Fun! (n.d.). Retrieved February 17, 2017, from http://people.uncw.edu/ertzbergerj/msgames.htm Fisher, S. (n.d.). Customize a PowerPoint Game for Your Class with These Free Templates. Retrieved February 17, 2017, from https://www.thebalance.com/free-powerpoint-games-for-teachers-1358169 1. Users will begin with a lot of slides all with the same basic graphic design. 2. The, decide and create a series of questions that are to be asked during the game. 3. By hyper linking certain answers to different slides, the game jumps from slide to slide while playing the game. 4. This kind of setup is normally seen as a simple quiz show game. Example of a Wheel of Fortune Template https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Wheel-of-Riches-PowerPoint-Template-Plays-Just-Like-Wheel-of-Fortune-383606 Games can be made in order to make a fun and easy way to learn. Popular game templates include: Family Feud Millionaire Jeopardy and other quiz shows. http://www.free-power-point-templates.com/deal-powerpoint-template/ Quick video on template "Millionaire" PowerPoint Games Some games are easier to make compared to others If users are unsure whether or not downloading certain templates is safe, you can actually make your own game by just simply using PowerPoint. add logo here References Example of a Family Feud Template PowerPoint Games are a great way to introduce new concepts and ideas You can create a fun, competitive atmosphere with the use of different templates You can change and rearrange information to correlate with the topic or idea being discussed. Great with students, workers, family, etc. For example: With games like Jeopardy and Family Feud, players can pick practically any answers. The person who is running the game will have to have all of the answers in order to determine if players are correct or not. However, with a game like Who Wants to be a Millionaire, the players only have a choice between answers, A, B, C, or D. Therefore, when the player decides their answer, the person running the game clicks it, and the game will tell them whether they are right or wrong.

PowerPoint Game Templates

Transcript: Conservation of fishing cat Introduction of fishing cat Health: Fishing cats are susceptible to carnivore protoparvovirus, a disease known to kill them. This disease significantly damages the kidney, spleen and gastrointestinal tract of the body. The fishing cat is also vulnerable to diseases and medical conditions such as feline hemoplasmas, transitional cell carcinoma and canine distemper virus. Conservation Threats Wild life Shamim khan 2225138043 Bs Zoology 2022-2026 Since 2016, the fishing cat is listed as a vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List, as the global population is thought to have declined by around 30% in the years 2010–2015; the destruction of wetlands and killings by local people are major threats to the fishing cat.[1] The destruction of wetlands includes increased pollution or conversion for agricultural use and human settlements. The conversion of mangrove forests to commercial aquaculture ponds is a major threat in Andhra Pradesh, and in some places fishing cats are killed. Over-exploitation of local fish stocks and retaliatory killing by local people are also significant threats. The fishing cat is included on CITES Appendix II and protected by national legislation over most of its range. Hunting is prohibited in Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Thailand. Hunting regulations apply in Laos. In Bhutan, Malaysia, and Vietnam, it is not protected outside protected areas, and no information is known about its legal protections in Cambodia. It is the state animal of the Indian state of West Bengal. Its survival depends on protection of wetlands, prevention of indiscriminate trapping, snaring and poisoning. fishing cat The fishing cat (Prionailurus viverrinus) is a medium-sized wild cat of South and Southeast Asia. It has a deep yellowish-grey fur with black lines and spots. Adults have a head-to-body length of 57 to 78 cm (22 to 31 in), with a 20 to 30 cm (8 to 12 in) long tail. Males are larger than females classification of fishing cat: Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Carnivora Suborder: Feliformia Family: Felidae Subfamily: Felinae Genus: Prionailurus Species: P. viverrinus Characteristics: The fishing cat has a deep yellowish-grey fur with black lines and spots. Two stripes are on the cheeks, and two are above the eyes running to the neck with broken lines on the forehead. It has two rows of spots around the throat. The spots on the shoulder are longitudinal, and those on the sides, limbs and tail are roundish Endangered in Pakistan: In captivity: Fishing cat captive breeding programmes have been established by the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria and the American Association of Zoos and Aquariums. All the fishing cats kept in zoos around the world are listed in the International Studbook of the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums.Zoos in Thailand house around 30 individuals; birth rates are not particularly high.They have been placed in captivity as an "insurance population" due to their vulnerable status in the wild Taxonomy Topic: fishing cat Submitted to: Dr Najiya Al-Arifa Behaviour and ecology Phylogeny: Distribution and habitat: The fishing cat lives among dense vegetation near water and is thought to be primarily nocturnal. It is known to be a proficient long-distance and underwater swimmer. Adult males and females without dependent young are solitary. Females have been reported to range over areas of 4 to 6 km2 (1.5 to 2.3 sq mi), while males range over 16 to 22 km2 (6.2 to 8.5 sq mi). It has been observed resting in thick grassy habitats, often near a water body but sometimes far away from them. Adults have been recorded to vocalise "chuckling" sounds The fishing cat is broadly but discontinuously distributed in South and Southeast Asia. It predominantly inhabits densely vegetated wetlands around slow-moving bodies of water like swamps and marshes.These include low-salinity bodies such as oxbow lakes, and high-salinity ones such as tidal creeks and mangrove forests. Along these bodies of water, it conceals itself within the thick cover of forests, scrublands, reed beds, and grasslands. Most records are from lowland areas. Reproduction and development: Wild fishing cats most likely mate during January and February; most kittens in the wild were observed in March and April. However, fishing cats may mate as late as June. In captivity, the gestation period lasts 63–70 days; females give birth to an average of two to three kittens; the litter size can be as small as one to as large as four.

GERD

Transcript: You may need to make changes to your lifestyle such as maintaining a healthy weight, quitting smoking, drinking less alcohol, or not eating foods that make GERD worse.Treatment options for GERD may be different for each person. you can also use a (LES). Medicine Taking medicine for GERD is the option most people choose first. Surgery For some people, surgery can improve GERD symptoms and lower the amount of medicine they need. More Symptoms. What causes it? Chest pain Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) Dry cough Sore throat Regurgitation of food or sour liquid (acid reflux) Sensation of a lump in your throat Risk factors What are the Symptoms? Obesity Bulging of top of stomach up into the diaphragm Pregnancy Smoking Dry mouth Asthma Diabetes Delayed stomach emptying Connective tissue disorders Treatment for heartburn and other signs and symptoms of GERD usually begins with over-the-counter medications that control acid. If you don't experience relief within a few weeks, your doctor may recommend other treatments, including medications and surgery. Gastrointestinal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic digestive disease. GERD occurs when stomach acid or, occasionally, stomach content, flows back into your food pipe (esophagus). The backwash (reflux) irritates the lining of your esophagus and causes GERD Video!! GERD is caused by frequent acid reflux — the backup of stomach acid or bile into the esophagus.When you swallow, the lower esophageal sphincter — a circular band of muscle around the bottom part of your esophagus — relaxes to allow food and liquid to flow down into your stomach. Then it closes again. The outcome What is the treatment? What is it? Heartburn, also called acid indigestion, is the most common symptom of GERD and usually feels like a burning chest pain beginning behind the breastbone and moving upward to the neck and throat. Many people say it feels like food is coming back into the mouth leaving an acid or bitter taste GERD By:Katie Worden

GERD

Transcript: GERD (Gastro-esophageal Reflux Disease) SYMPTOMS Pathophysiology Lower Esophageal Relaxation GERD and Acidity The Damaging Effect of Acid Treatments Lifestyle Obesity Smoking Alcohol Pregnancy Genes Tests Barium Swallow Test Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, also known as an EGD, Upper endoscopy, or a Gastroscopy Foods To Avoid FruitOrange juiceLemonLemonadeGrapefruit juiceCranberry juiceTomato Vegetables French fries Onion, raw MeatGround beef, chuckMarbled sirloinChicken nuggetsBuffalo wings Dairy Sour cream Milk shake Ice cream Cottage cheese, regular Grains Macaroni and cheese Spaghetti with sauce BeveragesLiquorWineCoffee, decaffeinated or regularTea, decaffeinated or regularSoda Fats / Oils Salad dressing, creamy Salad dressing, oil & vinegar Sweets / DessertsButter cookie, high-fatBrownieChocolateDoughnutCorn chipsPotato chips, regular Drugs Antacids H2 Blockers Protein-Pump inhibitors Surgical Options Nissen fundoplication: a procedure to lower the esophageal sphincter by wrapping the tip of the stomach around the outside of the lower esophagus Esophyx: a procedure to create a barrier preventing the backup of stomach acid in which a device (esophyx) is inserted through the mouth into the stomach to replace the sphincter valve Stretta: this procedure is used to form scar tissue in the esophagus. It uses heat to create scar tissue to damage the nerves that respond to reflux Linx: procedure to strengthen the lower esophageal sphincter by placing a ring (Linx) of tiny magnetic titanium beads that is wrapped around the junction of the stomach and the esophagus Meat: Ground beef, chuck Marbled sirloin Chicken nuggets Buffalo wings Grains: Macaroni and Cheese Spaghetti With sauce EMily, Karin, LaSHawn Lifestyle Changes: Foods to Avoid Dairy: Sour cream Milk shake Ice cream Cottage cheese, regular Fruit: Orange juice Lemon Lemonade Grapefruit juice Cranberry juice Tomato Start Veggies: Onions, raw French Fries Beverages: Liqueur Wine All soda All tea All coffee Sweets and Desserts: Butter cookie, high-fat Brownie Chocolate Mint Doughnut Corn chips Potato chips, regular Fats/Oils: Salad dressing. creamy Salad dressing, oil and vinegar WHAT EXACTLY IS GERD?

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