Furniture powerpoint template

Furniture

Transcript: The Diversity of Industrial Experience: Cabinet and Furniture Manufacture in Late 19th Century Ontario A time of transformation Use of steam power + expansion in railways Urbanization, growth of incomes + technological change Changes in workplace Expansion of manufacturing sector "Wooden Age" Industries Sawmilling Carriages Cabinetry + furniture Agricultural implements Carpentry Boats Musical Instruments Factory Conditions Small sized companies and factories Primarily a male dominant activity Urban and rural locations Seasonal industry Use of mechanical power varied 1870s-1880s Patterns of Location Due to the substantial transport costs of furniture products, Ontario suited a decentralized pattern of production Most furniture shops used wood accessible through own woodlots, however, there was a growing demand for imported and exotic woods Over time, the railway network began to expand and improve, allowing for urban cities to participate in the transport of wood Growth propelled advantages of plants located on railway lines Specialization Many establishments characterized specifically as general-purpose furniture and cabinet shops Although designs and quality differed, none had well-defined individuality Secondary products of furniture firms were only aspects that assisted in creating a small sense of personal identity Product diversity was most common amongst larger furniture firms Many of the firms were single proprietorships, very few considered themselves a “company" Relationships between various woodworking firms formed, for the purpose of contracting and purchasing of parts Some partnerships and share-owning relationships were later arranged Companies sought after laborers with management expertise, which resulted in the competition between urban and rural companies Epansion was due to the fall in freight rates and an expanding rail network London to Toronto to Montreal to Halifax Developing of subsequent markets there as well Machinery Mostly flexible for multiple tasks Planers, double-sided rotary planers, molding machines, band saws, heaters for kilns as well as the usual boilers and steam engines Powered by electric motor and electric distribution networks Required human attendance 1873 reduced cost of machinery Lowered price of crucible steelIncreased access to quality steel – better machinery – better quality furniture Still expensive to average semiskilled artisan Short term credit Incorporation Easing capital constraint in time of crisis Narrowed focus Modified and reduced labor Added element of physical force with power of the mind Questions? Before: Reliance on handcrafted tools Steam power 1871-1891: amount of steam power use increased threefold Lifted the constraints: Size Seasonal Water Increased implementation=decreased cost of operating steam Above all steam set the trend for developing more efficient machinery 5 Transportation 1 Impeding the Transformation into Industrialization What do you think about the quality of furniture produced in today’s world of business, in comparison to the furniture produced in the nineteenth century before industrialization? Ambiguous Industrialization and the Demand for Furniture Low wage/income of Canadian Labour Among the furniture and artisan culture “Boys learning to be men” mindset Late 19th Century Canadian manufacturing of furniture did not fully experience and participate in the process of industrialization Small workshops: unspecialized and useable for the production of a range of diverse products and purposes 18th + early 19th centuries Price of wood increased Canada remained in wooden age for much longer Heavy dependency on wood Raw material for energy and construction Industrial raw material Focus on wood aided industrialization The Nature of the Market: the Absence of Necessary Demand The growing influence of middle-class “fashion” The notion that the home is a locus for individual privacy Specialized functions added to the variety of furniture in use The emphasis and focus on variation, ornamentation and detail Pressure of furniture makers to offer a diverse line of products (different styles and types) each year Organizational & Networking Elements Machinery Costs 4 Reasons for Impeding the Industrial Revolution 1860’s in Michigan 1880’s available in Canada Wide variety of machinery “Machinery is fully as good as the American-made machinery” Canadian plant-reduced prices The Nature of the Basic Raw Material: Wood The Complexity of Supply and Distribution of Furniture 2 The Complexity of Furniture Demand Natalie Borg Zev Gasner Aleksa Lekovic Faghya Shafiq Cindy Xu 2 Resistance to Change Mechanization Name and explain two of the reasons for the slow transformation of the furniture industry? Worker Force Machinery Production Plants: 4 3 Small producers produced bespoke goods for local markets Few large firms had commercial travelers who carried photographs of their products Furniture shows Smaller vs. Establishments Mechanization of the

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