Computer Graphics
Transcript: Bitmap Advantages Bitmaps are very easy to create. They are very cost effective. You can take a picture or scan in a drawing, and easily show it on the Internet or send in an email. A bitmap image uses solid color pixels, which can be identified and recolored easily. The geographic location of each cell is implied by its position in the cell matrix. Bitmap Disadvantages Enlarge without loosing quality. Require higher resolutions and anti-aliasing for a smooth appearance. Palette Gray-Scale graphics Bitmap Color depth or bit depth is the number of bits used to indicate the color of a single pixel in a bitmapped image or video frame buffer. This concept is usually quantified as bits per pixel, which specifies the number of bits used. Color depth is only one aspect of color representation, expressing how finely levels of color can be expressed ; the other aspect is how broad a range of colors can be expressed The definition of both color precision and gamut is accomplished with a color encoding specification which assigns a digital code value to a location in a color space. Bit Depth Need for Compression Bitmap graphics Computer Graphics Many programs can load and/or save a wide selection. You can tell what kind of file by looking at the suffix - the letters, usually three, after the dot in the filename such as: ADI - AutoCAD's Device-Independent Binary Plotter Format, a vector format generated by AutoCAD. AI - Adobe Illustrator's metafile format, which is actually a flavour of Encapsulated Postscript. CALS - Computer Aided Acquisition and Logistics Support Raster Format; a longwinded, seldom-seen military-spec two colour document storage format. Used in Pentagon archives, and that sort of thing. CAM - Casio Camera, the native file format of Casio's QV-series digital cameras. Even entertainment video with modest frame rates and dimensions would require bandwidth and storage space far in excess of that available from CD-ROM. Thus delivering consumer quality video on compact disc would be impossible. Finally, even if the storage and transportation problems of digital video were overcome, the processing power needed to manage such volumes of data would make the receiver hardware very expensive. Color Depth The quantity which estimates quality of a signal quantization, for example: Color depth in digital graphics and video Audio bit depth in digital audio A physical point in a raster image, or the smallest addressable element in a display device; so it is the smallest controllable element of a picture represented on the screen. The address of a pixel corresponds to its physical coordinates. Each pixel is a sample of an original image; more samples typically provide more accurate representations of the original. Resolution (DPI, PPI) Anti-aliasing Classifications A palette is either a given, finite set of colors for the management of digital images (that is, a color palette), or a small on-screen graphical element for choosing from a limited set of choices, not necessarily colors (such as a tools palette). Graphic Formats A bitmap gives a way to store a binary image, that is, an image in which each pixel is either black or white . The more general term pixmap refers to a map of pixels, where each one may store more than two colors, thus using more than one bit per pixel. To work on these you would use software such as Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Fireworks, Corel Painter, etc DPI (Dots per inch) is a measure of spatial printing or video dot density, in particular the number of individual dots that can be placed in a line within the span of 1 inch (2.54 cm). PPI (Pixels per inch) is a measurement of the resolution of devices in various contexts: typically computer displays, image scanners, and digital camera image sensors. Before Pixel Paint Vector Graphics Advantages and disadvantages of Vector graphics Advantages of Vector images: They remain smooth because your computer merely re-computes the coordinates of the points Every object can be re-edited at any time. Much smaller in size than the bitmap image format. Some disadvantages: Drawings containing trapping information can only be scaled up to 20 percent larger or smaller. Small errors in a drawing may become visible as soon as it is enlarged too much. Vector images are drawn on the computer by a graphic artist using vector editing software such as Adobe Illustrator. Anti-aliasing is a number of techniques to combat the problems of aliasing in a sampled signal such as a digital image or digital audio recording. Specifically, it may refer to: Anti-aliasing filter, a filter used before a signal sampler, to restrict the bandwidth of a signal Spatial anti-aliasing, the technique of minimizing aliasing when representing a high-resolution image at a lower resolution Supersample anti-aliasing, a method of smoothing images rendered in computer-generated imagery Multisample anti-aliasing, a type of anti-aliasing, a technique used in computer graphics to improve image quality
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