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color blindness

Transcript: Color blindness: When someone is color blind, they do not have the power to distinguish the difference between colors. Monochromacy: When the person cannot distinguished any color but black and white to make sure you're not color blind, what number do you see in the circle? Anomalous Trichromacy: When someone can see all the colors but what they see differs from what the color truley is. Describe the effect when being color blind: People go to eye doctors to check for colorblindness. If the doctor knows they are color blind, the patient would not be able to see what is inside of the colored spots chart, and mix up two different colors. What causes Colorblindness? Most people who have it get it when they or born, or they inherit it from a family member, that is or was colorblind. If someone did not inherit it, than they had a serious head or eye injury (such as a concusion or broken skull). who discovered color blindness? John Dalton first discovered color blindness in about 1795. He noticed that he was seeing different colors than usual, so he assumed that there was a shortage in color, caused by discoloration of the liquid in a persons eyeball. Inheritance of colorblindness to basic inheritance: Those who are color blind do not have a cell or are missing a gene in an eye, while the basic inheritance has a cell in the eye, though each eyeball has a different color on the outside but sees the same through the inside. What are the long term effects? Usually, people make the mistake of not matching their clothes before going to school or work. Another effect is more men than women are color blind there is no way to fully treat colorblindness colorblindness is also called 'Daltonism' 39% of both men and women drive through red lights because they were born being color blind more than 60% of pets and animals are color blind and can only see certain colors more facts: each type of color blindness was caused by a missing gene or cell on the eyeball most of the people who are color blind inherited it Made by: Emily Spath & Isabela Pereira How can someone prevent colorblindness? In order to prevent this, you have to go to the eye doctors and take regular eye exams, and also take medication Dichromacy: When someone can match the colors they see to only two of the three shades of light. Sources: What is life like to those who are color blind? Life may not seem different, but it is harder for them to read, write, learn, and draw. Also, it eliminates certain careeers for adults, and certain activities for children. For example, most people who are color blind cannot be an artist, interior decorator, doctor, or even an electrician. resources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Dalton http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colorblind normal vision: interesting facts: monochrome vision: 3rd type of colorblindness: 1st type of colorblindess: 2nd type of colorblindess:

Color Blindness Presentation

Transcript: Color Blindness By: Paige Schroeder DNA Gene Mutation The two proteins that produce the red and green light sensative proteins are located in the X chromosome. Mutations to the X chromosome causes colorbindness. It a nonsense point mutaion because it codes for a stop before the protein is completed. Therefore causing the nonexastance of that protein. DNA Gene Mutation Point Mutation Diagram Point Mutation Diagram Amino Acid Changes Amino Acid Changes

Color Blindness Presentation

Transcript: Causes of Color Blindness Parts of Brain Involved in Seeing Color Color Blindness isn't a serious deficiency, but about 4.5% of the World's population is colorblind. Color blindness A community that values sameness would not value people able to see colors is because there’s a chance that you could be color blind and be like the rest of the people in the community. The fact that there’s always a chance of you getting color blindness, the people who want sameness in a community will just take away your ability to being able to see color, so therefore everyone is color blind. Men is 5% to 8% Women is 0.5% to 1% Common Types of Color Blindness Most causes of color blindness is inherited. The Retina The Optic Nerve The Cortex Protanopia Deuteranopia Prevalence of Color Blindness in Men and Women

Color Blindness Presentation

Transcript: Color Blindness: By: Irma Orihuela 2/25/2020 Signs & Symptoms Dr's Reports 1. 2. 3. Company Intro Our Team Our Team Our Clients Our Clients The Brief The Brief Objectives Objectives 1. 2. 3. Strategy Strategy Deliverable 1 Deliverable 1 Deliverable 2 Deliverable 2 Deliverable 3 Deliverable 3 Next steps Next steps Timeline Timeline Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Time Pricing Pricing Offer 1 Offer 2 Offer 3 $1,000 $2,000 $3,000 Service 1 Service 2 Service 3 Service 4 Service 1 Service 2 Service 3 Service 4 Service 1 Service 2 Service 3 Service 4

Color Blindness Presentation

Transcript: How do you Inherit Color Blindness? Red-green color blindness is inherited on the X-chromosome. Because the deficiency is located on the X-chromosome it is more common for boys to have this kind of color blindness since they only receive one X-chromosome. While girls can receive one mutated chromosome and one normal chromosome and have perfectly good vision. For a girl to show signs of color blindness she would need to receive two mutated chromosomes. Color blindness is a genetic disorder that until recently had not had any type of cure. Now one is being developed and might soon be used on humans. This would be an amazing medical advance as well as help those that wish to do jobs where being able to see colors is necessary such as: Being a pilot Operating a motor vehicle Being a firefighter or police officer Electrician Painter But with gene therapy hopefully these jobs wont be out of reach for color blind people much longer. Types of Color Blindness Diagnosis S,M,L Cones Color Blindness So far gene therapy as a cure for color blindness is not being tested on humans. But there has been successful tests conducted on male squirrel monkeys that where red-green color blind. Nine squirrel monkeys have been cured and the procedure is quite safe. Monochromatism Dichromatism Anomalous trichromatism Dichromatism and anomalous trichromatism have subtypes within them according to missing or malfunctioning cones. Tritanopia/Tritanomaly Deuteranopia/Deuteranomaly Protanopia/Protanomaly There is no cure for inherited color blindness If the cause is an illness or eye injury, treating these conditions may improve color vision Special tinted eyeglasses or wearing a red tinted contact lens on one eye Pseudoisochromatic testing plates "What color is that?" Symptoms Daltonism Most common form of color blindness Difficulty differentiating between red and green Red-green color blindness is a recessive, sex linked trait Red-Green Color Blindness Color blindness is when you receive a recessive gene that does not create the necessary cones in the retina of the eye. This causes a range of changes in color vision, from difficulty to distinguish shades, to a total in ability to detect color. Red and green color blindness is a recessive gene that is also a sex linked trait, therefore is found on the X chromosome. Possible to treat adults Possible to target therapeutic transgenes specifically cone photoreceptor. Transform a dichromat to a trichromat with full red-green color vision done through the addition of the missing photo pigment to the retina recapitulate what occurs during evolution splitting the blue/yellow circuits into two classes. One for blue/yellow and the other for red/green. Poor vision and intolerance to bright light when young Notice a change in color perception Smelling food before eating Excellent sense of smell Excellent night vision Trouble with green and red colors What is color blindness? http://www.biyee.net/color-science/color-vision-test/integrated_test_v4.html Treatment The eye contains two types of light receptors cells, they are called the rods and cones. The rods are responsible for vision in low light. Cones are responsible for our color vision as well as bright light. There are three types of cones. The L cones are responsible for our sensitivity to red colors. The M cones are sensitive to the middle of the spectrum the green/yellow colors. The S cones are sensitive to the blue/violet end of the spectrum. These cones and rods are located on the retina, a tissue in the back of the eye. Color blindness is the deficiency in perceiving the color spectrum. Difficulty in distinguishing certain colors such as red and green or blue and yellow. It's acquired or congenital. Caused by absent or defective cones. S-cones: sensitive to short wavelength light with a peak at 420 nm (blue). M-cones: sensitive to medium wavelength light with a peak at 530 nm (green). L-cones: sensitive to long wavelength with a peak at 560 nm (red). Living With Colorblindness

Color Blindness Presentation

Transcript: Color Blindness IN DEPTH IN DEPTH A genetic condition caused by a difference in how one or more of the light- sensitive cells found in the retina of the eye that responds to certain colors. Typically it's an excessive overlap of the M (green) and L (red) color cones in the eye causing the obvious colors difficult to tell a difference between. Here you can view what it is like for the different types of colorblind. Simulation https://www.color-blindness.com/coblis-color-blindness-simulator/ Minor Details Little things to know... 1 https://iristech.co/statistics/ 1 1 in 12 men (87%) and 1 in 200 women in the world are diagnosed with color blindness https://www.colourblindawareness.org/colour-blindness/#:~:text=Colour%20(color)%20blindness%20(colour,200%20women%20in%20the%20world. 2 2 Majority of color blind people inherit it from their mother, although some people become color blind from other diseases such as diabetes. https://www.webmd.com/parenting/baby/newborn-vision#:~:text=Just%20after%20birth%2C%20a%20baby,is%20about%20a%20foot%20away. 3 Just after birth, a baby sees only black and white, with shades of gray. 1 week after birth children can see red, orange, and green. As they grow up they will slowly start to develop vision and start to see other colors such as blue https://www.bundoo.com/ Are you color bind? TEST <img src="https://images.ctfassets.net/u4vv676b8z52/6tpwrD6xE7eAVT48WiRO8G/af44a4b15a5833c1c570fa465d6b5004/ishihara-test-hero-compressor.jpg?fm=jpg&amp;q=80" alt="Color blind tests: Do you see colors as they really are?"/> SPECIFICS What colors cause the most difficulties? Red- Green color deficiency is the most common form of color blindness because of the passing of the X- Chromosome from parent to child. Red- Green Blue and Yellow color deficiency usually effects men and women equally. This deficiency is caused by mutations in the OPN1SW gene. Blue-Yellow SO WHAT DOES THIS HAVE TO DO WITH WAVES? WAVES... Well, this is similar to wavelengths of sound. With shades of color, the length of the wave is directly linked to the resulting color. Long waves are seen as red tones, medium-length waves produce greens and shorter waves produce blues. Solutions to color blindness TREATMENTS Although there is no cure to color blindness yet, scientist are working on many different ways to cure this in the future. As of now there in only one real way that may help color blindness, since laser surgery isn't able to reach the cones behind your retina. Therefore that leaves us with our only current option...EnChroma glasses. EnChroma Glasses EnChroma Glasses EnChroma glasses are a very common type of treatment for color blindness. "EnChroma develops optical lens technology that selectively filters out wavelengths of light at the precise point where this confusion or excessive overlap of color sensitivity occurs. The M and L cones are altered in such a way that there is a greater amount of difference in color discrimination along the so-called “confusion line” for that individual."(Enchroma; The Science Behind EnChroma Lens Technology) https://enchroma.com/pages/how-enchroma-glasses-work https://moneyinc.com/enchroma-glasses/ These cost anywhere from 200$ to 600$. APA SOURCES Medlin Plus. (2020, August 18). US National LIbrary of Medicine. Medline Plus. Retrieved April 21, 2021, from https://medlineplus.gov/ Iris Tech; Statistics, Color Blindness Prevalence, n/d, from https://iristech.co/statistics/ Bailey, G. (2021, March). Color Blindness: Types, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment. All About Vision. Retrieved April 21, 2021, from https://www.allaboutvision.com/ National Eye Institute; (2019, July 3), Color Blindness. Retrieved from https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/color-blindness#:~:text=Usually%2C%20color%20blindness%20runs%20in,have%20problems%20with%20everyday%20activities. Colour blind awareness. (ND). Color Blindness. Color Blind Awareness. Retrieved April 20, 2021, from https://www.allaboutvision.com/

Color Blindness

Transcript: When one of your cone cells don't work right, or you don't have one you are color blind. There is no cure for color blindness yet. Although, they have fixed it mice and monkeys. Some methods to control color blindness are: warm one eye, electric stimulation, injections of iodine, extracts of cobra venom, vitamins, or flashing lights. Color blindness effects everyday life, because you won't be able to see the basic colors such as: red, blue, yellow, and green. What is the history of color blindness? Color Blindness Bibliography bigshotcamera.org tripwow.tripadvisor.com animals.nationalgeographic.com hificartel.com http://www.webmd.com/eye-health/tc/color-blindness-topic-overview http://www.colblindor.com/2007/03/27/the-way-to-cure-color-blindness/ wired.com zazzle.com xhizors1.gamerdna.com How are you diagnosed with color blindness? cozmiccorruption.deviantart.com khaleejesque.com media.photobucket.com fanpop.com Since men have one and woman have two men are oyond.com Most of it is genetic and is present at birth. more prone to have it. rittenhoused.com X chromosomes are how they are inherited. http://www.ehow.com/about_5245823_history-colorblindness.html Color blind people can see some color, but not all accurately. About 8% of men have it and 0.4% of woman.

Color Blindness Presentation

Transcript: Red-green color blindness is a sex-linked recessive disorder. Color blindness is not a result of too many or too few chromosomes. It is due to a mutation to the X chromosome. Color BLindness Color blindness Color Blind (Color Vision Deficiency) - The inability or decreased ability to see color, or perceive and distinguish color differences under normal lighting conditions. This deficiency makes seeing the contrasts that make colors look different difficult or impossible. Blue-yellow color blindness is an autosomal dominant trait. By Caleb-Joshua SPRing & Kerim Cakir Color blindness is a hereditary condition. Red/green and blue color blindness is usually passed down by your parents. The signs and symptoms of someone who is color-blind are : Difficulty telling the difference between colors. Inability to see shades and tones of the same colors. Seeing in black and white (In some cases). Cannot see all the shades and colors that a non color-blind person can. Color blindness is usually inherited. You have three types of cones cells in your eyes. Each sense a different color (red, blue, green). Color blindness occurs when these cells don’t work properly or you don’t have one of the types of cone cells. Color blindness does not have to be inherited. It can be also be caused by aging, eye problems such as glaucoma, injury to eye, and side effects from certain medications. There are no treatments available that will successfully reverse/cure color-blindness. Even though there are no cures available, there are visual aids that come in the form of color filters (contact lenses with a certain tint of color) which help by enhancing the brightness between some colors. Ironically, these color filters actually have a tendency to confuse the person even more than if they just used their eyes without any aids. John Dalton was the first person to discover color-blindness and was also the first to write a scientific paper about color-blindness. This paper was called “Extraordinary facts relating to the vision of colours“ and it was written in 1793. Ironically, Dalton was actually colorblind himself and believed that people had colored liquid in the eyeball, which would then be responsible for our different perception of colors. There is no real treatment for color blindness but some people use contact lenses to enhance brightness between colors. Color blindness is a disorder when you have trouble seeing red, blue, green or a mixture of these colors. It is also known as color vision problem. Suggested Reads: Extraordinary Facts relating to the Vision of Colours by John Dalton. What is Color Blindness by Egill Hansen. Color Blindness by Gretchyn Bailey (http://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/colordeficiency.htm) This disorder is generally diagnosed during a person’s early childhood. A child is generally diagnosed when he/she goes to get their vision checked at the doctor. Color blindness is not a lethal disorder. You can live a normal life with it.

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