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Cognitive Psychology

Transcript: Researchers 3 ways a cultural tool can be passed from one individual to another 1. Imitative Learning One tries to copy another 2. Instructed Learning Remembering instructions and using them to self-regulate 3. Collaborative Learning Group of peers work together to learn a specific skill Equillibration is the process of finding a balance of assimilation and accomadation. This process explains how children move from different stages according to Piaget. Children are born with a knowledge of the principles of the grammatical structure of all languages. This inborn knowledge explains the success and speed with which they learn language. Concepts Derived from Piaget's concepts Schemas: The maturing brain builds concepts The brain assimilates (files) and accomodates (adapts) the new concepts Sensorimotor Stage Birth to Two Years Old Object Permanence Preoperational Stage Two to Seven Years Old Lack idea of conservation Egocentricism is impaired Concrete Operational Stage Seven to Eleven Years Old Formal Operational Stage Eleven to Fifteen Years Old Research Concrete Operational Stage: I have a whole pizza, and I am very hungry. Would I cut it into Six or Eight Slices? Formal Operational Stage: "If John is in school, then Mary is in school. John is in school. What can you say about Mary?" object permanence The critical period is a limited window of time where we learn language Cognitive Psychology Lev Vygotsky EGOCENTRICISM a stage in a child's development characterized by lack of awareness that other people's points of view differ from his own Goal as a linguist: "To find the principles common to all languages that enable people to speak creatively and freely" Wilhelm Wundt Wundt's established the first psychological research and teaching laboratory within the Philosophy Department, where he regarded his psychology as a branch of philosophy. He used science to study philosophical issues of the mind. Piaget's theory was based upon cognitive development which involves changes in cognitive process and abilities. Piaget first noticed this development within his own children which he then studied other children. Vygotsky's theory states that development depends on interaction with people and the tools that the culture provides to help form their own view of the world. Jean Piaget Noam Chomsky

Cognitive Psychology

Transcript: Cognitive may sound simple but it is not. It studies the cracks of the brain that is not easy to see. It is basically asking you why. Why do you put your hands up when some throws somthing at you. It also asks what feelings go through your mind when you are faced with puzzling situations. Cognitive is new Summary Cognitive Psychology studies the fine lines of the brain. It's kind of new, and is still being studied exstensivly. Basically think of it as a Math problem : Find out what you know, look for what you dont know, then problem solve cognitive psychology is the study on how people preceive certain actions and feelings. It had even been connected to social psychology. Since Cognitve thinking can be strongly influence by the person social enviorment. Cognitive is no Joke Created the idea of Cognitive Phchology Compares a humans brain to a computers brain Computers learn by what it is given, just like a human learns. Cognitive Psychology Ulric Neisser1967

Cognitive Psychology

Transcript: By Nicole Fuller He's really good at guitar Turns out, it's not as easy as it looks Cognitive Skills Engages both hemispheres Involves motor and listening skills In turn, uses: Attention Memory Ability to control Also uses: Visual skills Higher order executive functions Memory Attention Necessary for learning instrument Allows us to block out rest of world Only focus on important information Basically... Learning instrument helps: Attention Memory Better Intellectual Capacity Listening Skills Motor Skills New Sense of Self Cultural Exposure Patience Stress Relief Discipline FUN! However... My experience was a bit more stressful. Before, I thought I had great: Problem solving skills Attention Information retention Emotional control What I tried to learn: "Lucky" by Jason Mraz Sounds easy enough, right? Only five notes: C Am Dm7 G Em Verse: C Am Dm7 G Em Am Dm7 G Chorus: Am Dm7 G C Am Dm7 G Bridge & Oh: C Am G Higher Order Executive Functions Dorsolateral: Organization of information Being flexible Problem solving Initiative Orbitofrontal: Emotional control Calm negative thoughts Self regulation Attuned communication Mediofrontal Learn & monitor mistakes Spontaneity Reflection Mind Change Brain? Override automatic brain process Continue to not "just give up" Feel like I can learn something new Know that I will not naturally be good at everything Created and strengthened brain wiring Think I can get better with more practice Frustration For your viewing pleasure (Don't worry this is the end) Working Memory Finger dexterity issues Hard time remembering Declaritive Memory (Episodic) This is my boyfriend No confidence Anger Minimal patience What I experienced: More frustration Short Term & Long Term Lack of attention

PowerPoint Game Templates

Transcript: Example of a Jeopardy Template By: Laken Feeser and Rachel Chapman When creating without a template... http://www.edtechnetwork.com/powerpoint.html https://www.thebalance.com/free-family-feud-powerpoint-templates-1358184 Example of a Deal or No Deal Template PowerPoint Game Templates There are free templates for games such as jeopardy, wheel of fortune, and cash cab that can be downloaded online. However, some templates may cost more money depending on the complexity of the game. Classroom Games that Make Test Review and Memorization Fun! (n.d.). Retrieved February 17, 2017, from http://people.uncw.edu/ertzbergerj/msgames.htm Fisher, S. (n.d.). Customize a PowerPoint Game for Your Class with These Free Templates. Retrieved February 17, 2017, from https://www.thebalance.com/free-powerpoint-games-for-teachers-1358169 1. Users will begin with a lot of slides all with the same basic graphic design. 2. The, decide and create a series of questions that are to be asked during the game. 3. By hyper linking certain answers to different slides, the game jumps from slide to slide while playing the game. 4. This kind of setup is normally seen as a simple quiz show game. Example of a Wheel of Fortune Template https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Wheel-of-Riches-PowerPoint-Template-Plays-Just-Like-Wheel-of-Fortune-383606 Games can be made in order to make a fun and easy way to learn. Popular game templates include: Family Feud Millionaire Jeopardy and other quiz shows. http://www.free-power-point-templates.com/deal-powerpoint-template/ Quick video on template "Millionaire" PowerPoint Games Some games are easier to make compared to others If users are unsure whether or not downloading certain templates is safe, you can actually make your own game by just simply using PowerPoint. add logo here References Example of a Family Feud Template PowerPoint Games are a great way to introduce new concepts and ideas You can create a fun, competitive atmosphere with the use of different templates You can change and rearrange information to correlate with the topic or idea being discussed. Great with students, workers, family, etc. For example: With games like Jeopardy and Family Feud, players can pick practically any answers. The person who is running the game will have to have all of the answers in order to determine if players are correct or not. However, with a game like Who Wants to be a Millionaire, the players only have a choice between answers, A, B, C, or D. Therefore, when the player decides their answer, the person running the game clicks it, and the game will tell them whether they are right or wrong.

Cognitive Psychology

Transcript: Cognitive Psychology Sensorimotor Stage 1. Assmilation verse Acommodation 2. Operative verse Figurative Language 3. Cognitive Development Stages Lucienne Piaget, his wife, and 3 kids. Sensorimotor Period Acts intentionally Achieves object permanance Main Idea's Born 1896 and died in 1980 Later studied child development (his own 3 children mostly) Using concrete examples in class to help students see "the big picture." (manipulatives, field trips, group work/discovery learning to see others perspectives) Laurent Object Permanence Conclusion Concrete Operational Thinks logically about abstract propositions Becomes conerned with "hypothetical and ideological" questions Role of maturation "being psychologically ready" Piaget's Critics...What do they say? How has he helped education? Birth to 2 years Demonstrated how childrens minds work Piaget's Legacy 11 years and up Study's were limited, beause they were in a naturalistic enviornment, and he studied mostly his own children. New research shows that children can reach the concrete operational stage much earlier than he thought Was to central in "cognitive constructivism" rather than "social constructivist" like Vygotsky and Bruner. Pre Opernational 7 years to 11 years STAGE AGE Description Listened, talked, and observed through exercises he set Uses language to represent objects Egocentric thinking Classification by a single feature He studied the process of "how we come to know information" and "how we move through stages as we gradually acquire different abilities." Formal Operational Who is Jean Piaget? Stages of Cogntive Development 2 years to 7 years Challenge the child, but do not give them information that is beyond their "abilites." Piaget's Cognitive Development How children cognitively process information Biologiest who published 21 scientific papers by age 20 Logical thinking about objects and events Achieves conservation of numbers and weight Classification by several features Jacqueline

Cognitive Psychology: "

Transcript: Definition Dierks Bentley: "What Was I Thinkin'" The Tune We are special Logo It is Attractive It is something you can ACTUALLY control! It is a process, it is a skill, it WILL make YOU smarter! It can make YOU happier! ... or just emotional stable Study cognitive psychology, and you won't regret it. Cognitive Psychology: "Think Before You Think" YOU! "Cognitive psychology is the scientific study of mind and mental function, including learning, memory, attention, perception, reasoning, language, conceptual development, and decision making." - http://psych.rutgers.edu/menu-iv/co Unlike those other guys (biological psychology), we can actually learn how to think, rather than just blaming it on those damned genes. Well... then cognitive thinking is for you Why is it better? Do you want to learn how to think? Do you want to learn how to control your thoughts? Do you want to learn how to process and manipulate information your receive? Do you want a better job? Do you want to make more money?

Cognitive Psychology

Transcript: It ignores biological factors that have an effect on the body. i.e. testosterone, endorphins... You can't objectively study unobservable behaviors. Introspection which is a key foundation for this approach is subjective. Experiments within this field tend to be highly controlled in laboratory settings and have little ecological value. The Key Figures Term came into use after the publication of Ulris Neisser book "Cognitive Psychology." His work is often cited as the beginning of a transition from the Behavioral Approach to the Cognitive Approach This Approach is interested with understanding the internal processes of the mind in order to better understand the person them self. Came into a greater prominence with the rise of computers, as it gave psychologist an analogy with which to better describe their work. Processing of Information-How we treat incoming information and then how this new information affects a response. In other words this branch is interested in the components that control what happens in the time between stimulus/input and response /output. They especially key in on processes including perception, attention, language, memory and thinking. Cognitive Psychology is highly applicable to everyday life. Some of these applications include... Moral Development Eyewitness testimony (and it validity) Memory and Forgetting Perception Child Development Language acquisition Education Norbert Wiener- started using terms like input and output which would become standard in the field. Edward Tolman- started working on cognitive mapping and some of the earliest expermints in the field. George Miller- Founded the center for Cognitive studies at Harvard. Jean Piaget- first psychologist to make a systematic study of cognitive development. The Focus The Cognitive Approach Why should we study Cognitive Psychology Methodology of the Approach Rise of the Cognitive Approach Lab Experiments i.e. memory testing Introspection as explianed by Wundt Interviews with patients Case studies Observation The Opponents say...

Cognitive psychology

Transcript: Key terms Strenghts weaknesses Cognitive psychology includes the study of By the end of this lesson you will….. It is useful in understanding how the brain operates and its limitations It is reliable in that experiments can be repeated Summary Perception This approach concentrates on the process and content of thinking. Behaviour can be explained in terms of how the mind operates. The cognitive model looks at the role of cognitive factors, such as thoughts, feelings, attitudes and beliefs on behaviour. Summary Cognitive psychologists see psychology as a pure science. Problems arise when people learn faulty thinking patterns and attitudes, but these alone are not responsible for psychological disturbances Information processing Part 2 The dominant view in cognitive psychology is that the brain is an information processing system. This view is linked to computer science and communications theory, and compares the brain to a computer into which information is input and behaviour is output. Experiments Case studies of brain damaged patients Medical imaging techniques to show the brain in operation Cognitive-relating to the mental processes by which a person can know, become aware of and make decisions about their self and their environment. Empirical-knowledge gained from observation and experiment It doesn’t take human emotion into account fully It sees human action in machine like terms and humans are probably more complex than cognitivists allow. In this way, cognitive psychology has become strongly associated with computer science and the study of artificial intelligence. It explores whether computers are capable of problem solving in similar ways to humans and examines the parallels between human brains and computers. Cognitive psychology Decision-making and language Be able to identify a number of cognitive processes Identify what the Cognitive Approach suggests about human behaviour Identify strengths and weaknesses of this approach As with behaviourism, cognitive psychology relies upon scientific methodical and empirical results to support its case. There is a focus on laboratory experiments as a method of providing evidence for the theory. How do we relate this to the Public services? Attention and problem solving Intelligence and reasoning Cognitive psychology is concerned with the effect of an individual's mental processes's. The cognitive model sees the individual as an active processor of information and it is the way we perceive, anticipate, interpret and evaluate events rather than the events themselves that has the greatest impact on our behaviour. The mind works in a similar way to a computer – input, storage and retrieval of data. Memory and motor control Cognitive psychology Methods Cognitive psychology Summary Cognitive pyschology

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