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Bilingual Education

Transcript: Bilingual Education Photo based on: 'horizon' by pierreyves @ flickr Possible Suggestions English Dominance Educational Barriers to Multilingual Learning Multilingualism/ Culturalism Language Status

Bilingual Education

Transcript: 1968: Bilingual Education Act Passed 1970: Students from Crystal Lake, Texas demand to speak Spanish and learn their Chicano culture 1974: Lau vs. Nichols; Lau argues that students are not receiving an equal eduation 1975: National Board of Bilingual Education is formed 1998: California Prop 227; eliminates all Bilingual Education; must use only English in the classroom 2000: Arizona Prop 203; same as California, eliminating Bilingual Education; requiring English only instruction I strongly believe that bilingual students should receive instruction in their native language. Schools and school districts should work to provide all students with an equal education. Each student deserves the opportunity to be succesful. It is our job to give them those opportunities. A bilingual class will allow a student to acquire the English language and culture while still maintaining their native language. When a student is placed in a bilingual education class they will be able to identify with self and gain a new language. *Bilingual Education is a way of presenting information in two or more languages to students Beykont, Z.F. (2000). Lifting every voice; Pedagogy and politics of bilingualism. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Publishing Group http://sitemaker.umich.edu/370blinged/home http://www.pbs.org/kcet/publicschool/roots_in_history/bilingual.html http://www.nabe.org/ Timeline of Bilingual Education Bilingual Education Views and Opinions on Bilingual Education http://www.colorincolorado.org/index.php?langswitch=en 1. Maintaining a student's language and culture 2. Teaching English 3. Promoteing academic success 4. Assisting in students successful acculturation Definition Goals of Bilingual Education *Bilingual Education refers to a variety of approaches used in the classroom using the student's native language Sources

Bilingual Education

Transcript: What is Bilingual Education? Information presented to students in more than one language. Many education systems and programs are bilingual, but the degree that the instructional languages are utilized and structured differ. Any education system that utilizes more than one language is bilingual. 3 primary bilingual education models in the U.S. 1. Transition or Early Exit Model Students are instructed in their native language to allow them to keep up with peers academically while simultaneously acquiring English. Most popular method used today. 2. Developmental or Late-Exit Model Focuses on the development of full bilingualism Encourages oral fluency and literacy in both English and the students native language. 3. Two-way or Dual Immersion Model Limited English proficient (LEP) students and native English-speaking students are placed in a developmental bilingual education (this environment encourage collaborative efforts at language acquisition) History - From the Colonial era to the present, Bilingual Education has been a highly debated issue - U.S has gone through periods of high and low tolerance of Bilingual Education programs - Highlighting events which have determine policies regarding Bilingual Education: first non-English speaking settlers of the United States repression of the Native American languages and cultures new wave of immigrants in the early 20th century anti-immigrant sentiment brought on by both of the World Wars, progressive action in the 1960s post-September eleventh nativist attitudes Over the Years... The first Bilingual Education schools opened prior to 1800, were not public, and were chiefly parochial institutions. German, French and Scandinavian immigrants opened bilingual schools. Many of these first "bilingual schools" were not even bilingual; they were non-English speaking schools where English was taught as a subject. With the new wave of immigrants arriving in the United States in the early 1900s, the issue of language instruction was pushed to the front burner. Once U.S entered WWI, Anti-German sentiment prompted many schools to end German-English instruction Debate Supporters: Claim that if non-English speaking students are educated in both native and English they will learn English in a more organic and efficient manner, improving their skills both in English and native tongue. Opponents: Argue its costly and wasteful to educate in any language other than English. Due to a lack of an official language, some believe that the presence and use of ‘foreign’ languages is a direct threat to the traditional and esteemed role of the English language. Advantages Helpful while traveling to foreign countries with different languages. Facilitates communication. Independent of translators and interpreters. Knowing a foreign language gives you the opportunity to study and work abroad. Bilingual person has two or more words for each object and idea. Bilingual person may develop the ability to think more flexibly. Once you learn a second language it is easier to learn another language. When parents speak different languages, child learns both languages, and can communicate freely. Current research around the world shows that bilingual people do better at IQ tests compared to monolingual people of about the same SES. Disadvantages Unsuccessful attempt at integration into society. It was seen necessary because it was suppose to help integrate the children of immigrants/minority into society. Bilingual education demanded separation of children and teachers in classrooms, and believed in gradual integration into society by allowing children to receive education in their native language. The separation would widen the already existing gap between citizens and immigrants. School Drop Out Rates Drop out rates across North America has reduced significantly. No reduction in drop out rates for schools offering bilingual education. Most people feel that a drop out rate of 35% doesn’t justify the costs involved in providing bilingual education. Unavailability of Teachers Bilingual education requires a number of trained teachers who are proficient in English and native language. - Lack of classrooms that can accommodate students who require instructions in both English and native languages. - Lack of funds to promote bilingual education Research According to findings by Christine H. Rossell and Keith Baker (1996): Transitional Bilingual Education (TBE) appears to be better for English learners than all-English classroom instruction on standardized tests when it comes to reading, language, and math, but the difference is very small When looking at students individually, TBE seems to have a insignificant amount of benefits since little English instruction can have some negative consequences like academic deficiency in English Bilingual education is an important intervention method , but its only one of the many factors for educational achievement Conclusion Bilingual education can be advantageous to

Bilingual Education

Transcript: Background photo by t.shigesa http://www.onlinecolleges.net/2012/01/01/20-embarrassing-facts-foreign-language-learning-u-s/ 1. Quite frankly, the bilingual education debate should not even be a hot topic. Either way, students from all backgrounds come out in a win-win situation. 2. LEARNING A SECOND, THIRD, OR EVEN FOURTH LANGUAGE IS NOT HARD. 1. It is estimated that more than half the world speaks at least two languages, compared to our rate of slightly less than 1 in 10. 2. An estimated 60,000 American students study Chinese, compared to 200 million Chinese students studying English. That’s a 1:3,333 ratio. 3. The recent spike in the study of Chinese is due to the fact China is sending us teachers and paying their salaries for us. 4. Five years ago, the number of college students graduating without ever having taken a foreign language class was 92%. 5. In the last 30 years, we’ve had just two presidents with passable abilities in one foreign language. (Ben Franklin spoke 6). Conclusion Here are some alarming statistics about bilingual education in the United States: Challenge Bilingual Education Turning Point

Bilingual Education

Transcript: Bilingual Education Transitional Bilingual Education-involves education in a child's native language Late-Exit-goal is to develop literacy in the child's native language first then transfer the skills to the second language Dual Language-academic subjects are taught in students second language by a bilingual teachers help Two-Way or Dual Language Immersion-programs to help native and non-native English speakers Some special interest groups are trying to stop public schools from offering bilingual education. These groups say that all classes should be taught only in English, and children who can’t pass should be held back until they learn enough English to advance to the next grade. via http://www.idra.org/Texas_IDRA_PIRC.htm/Platicas/Bilingual_Education/ The first Bilingual Education schools opened prior to 1800, were not public, and were chiefly parochial institutions. German, French and Scandinavian immigrants opened bilingual schools. via http://cerdahdz.webs.com/historyofbilingualed.htm Groups that don’t want teachers to use any language other than English misunderstand how students learn and how important it is for children to grasp basic instruction in all their subjects at the same time they are being taught the English language. Students who are taught in a language they don’t understand are likely to fail their grade. And studies show students who are held back are more likely to drop out of school before they graduate. via http://www.idra.org/Texas_IDRA_PIRC.htm/Platicas/Bilingual_Education/ The benefit from Bilingual Education has greatly impacted me throught school. Being able to learn through both of my languages has made me able to excel in many ways. Being able to learn in ways that suit me not only cognatively but with ease of not having to worry about just speaking english but being able to enhance my spanish roots as well. Parents of children who are educated through bilingual programs should tell other parents that their children learn better and faster in bilingual programs. Students in these programs are less likely to drop out of school before they graduate, and they stand a much better chance for a future filled with opportunity. via http://www.idra.org/Texas_IDRA_PIRC.htm/Platicas/Bilingual_Education/

PowerPoint Game Templates

Transcript: Example of a Jeopardy Template By: Laken Feeser and Rachel Chapman When creating without a template... http://www.edtechnetwork.com/powerpoint.html https://www.thebalance.com/free-family-feud-powerpoint-templates-1358184 Example of a Deal or No Deal Template PowerPoint Game Templates There are free templates for games such as jeopardy, wheel of fortune, and cash cab that can be downloaded online. However, some templates may cost more money depending on the complexity of the game. Classroom Games that Make Test Review and Memorization Fun! (n.d.). Retrieved February 17, 2017, from http://people.uncw.edu/ertzbergerj/msgames.htm Fisher, S. (n.d.). Customize a PowerPoint Game for Your Class with These Free Templates. Retrieved February 17, 2017, from https://www.thebalance.com/free-powerpoint-games-for-teachers-1358169 1. Users will begin with a lot of slides all with the same basic graphic design. 2. The, decide and create a series of questions that are to be asked during the game. 3. By hyper linking certain answers to different slides, the game jumps from slide to slide while playing the game. 4. This kind of setup is normally seen as a simple quiz show game. Example of a Wheel of Fortune Template https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Wheel-of-Riches-PowerPoint-Template-Plays-Just-Like-Wheel-of-Fortune-383606 Games can be made in order to make a fun and easy way to learn. Popular game templates include: Family Feud Millionaire Jeopardy and other quiz shows. http://www.free-power-point-templates.com/deal-powerpoint-template/ Quick video on template "Millionaire" PowerPoint Games Some games are easier to make compared to others If users are unsure whether or not downloading certain templates is safe, you can actually make your own game by just simply using PowerPoint. add logo here References Example of a Family Feud Template PowerPoint Games are a great way to introduce new concepts and ideas You can create a fun, competitive atmosphere with the use of different templates You can change and rearrange information to correlate with the topic or idea being discussed. Great with students, workers, family, etc. For example: With games like Jeopardy and Family Feud, players can pick practically any answers. The person who is running the game will have to have all of the answers in order to determine if players are correct or not. However, with a game like Who Wants to be a Millionaire, the players only have a choice between answers, A, B, C, or D. Therefore, when the player decides their answer, the person running the game clicks it, and the game will tell them whether they are right or wrong.

PowerPoint Game Templates

Transcript: Conservation of fishing cat Introduction of fishing cat Health: Fishing cats are susceptible to carnivore protoparvovirus, a disease known to kill them. This disease significantly damages the kidney, spleen and gastrointestinal tract of the body. The fishing cat is also vulnerable to diseases and medical conditions such as feline hemoplasmas, transitional cell carcinoma and canine distemper virus. Conservation Threats Wild life Shamim khan 2225138043 Bs Zoology 2022-2026 Since 2016, the fishing cat is listed as a vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List, as the global population is thought to have declined by around 30% in the years 2010–2015; the destruction of wetlands and killings by local people are major threats to the fishing cat.[1] The destruction of wetlands includes increased pollution or conversion for agricultural use and human settlements. The conversion of mangrove forests to commercial aquaculture ponds is a major threat in Andhra Pradesh, and in some places fishing cats are killed. Over-exploitation of local fish stocks and retaliatory killing by local people are also significant threats. The fishing cat is included on CITES Appendix II and protected by national legislation over most of its range. Hunting is prohibited in Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Thailand. Hunting regulations apply in Laos. In Bhutan, Malaysia, and Vietnam, it is not protected outside protected areas, and no information is known about its legal protections in Cambodia. It is the state animal of the Indian state of West Bengal. Its survival depends on protection of wetlands, prevention of indiscriminate trapping, snaring and poisoning. fishing cat The fishing cat (Prionailurus viverrinus) is a medium-sized wild cat of South and Southeast Asia. It has a deep yellowish-grey fur with black lines and spots. Adults have a head-to-body length of 57 to 78 cm (22 to 31 in), with a 20 to 30 cm (8 to 12 in) long tail. Males are larger than females classification of fishing cat: Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Carnivora Suborder: Feliformia Family: Felidae Subfamily: Felinae Genus: Prionailurus Species: P. viverrinus Characteristics: The fishing cat has a deep yellowish-grey fur with black lines and spots. Two stripes are on the cheeks, and two are above the eyes running to the neck with broken lines on the forehead. It has two rows of spots around the throat. The spots on the shoulder are longitudinal, and those on the sides, limbs and tail are roundish Endangered in Pakistan: In captivity: Fishing cat captive breeding programmes have been established by the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria and the American Association of Zoos and Aquariums. All the fishing cats kept in zoos around the world are listed in the International Studbook of the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums.Zoos in Thailand house around 30 individuals; birth rates are not particularly high.They have been placed in captivity as an "insurance population" due to their vulnerable status in the wild Taxonomy Topic: fishing cat Submitted to: Dr Najiya Al-Arifa Behaviour and ecology Phylogeny: Distribution and habitat: The fishing cat lives among dense vegetation near water and is thought to be primarily nocturnal. It is known to be a proficient long-distance and underwater swimmer. Adult males and females without dependent young are solitary. Females have been reported to range over areas of 4 to 6 km2 (1.5 to 2.3 sq mi), while males range over 16 to 22 km2 (6.2 to 8.5 sq mi). It has been observed resting in thick grassy habitats, often near a water body but sometimes far away from them. Adults have been recorded to vocalise "chuckling" sounds The fishing cat is broadly but discontinuously distributed in South and Southeast Asia. It predominantly inhabits densely vegetated wetlands around slow-moving bodies of water like swamps and marshes.These include low-salinity bodies such as oxbow lakes, and high-salinity ones such as tidal creeks and mangrove forests. Along these bodies of water, it conceals itself within the thick cover of forests, scrublands, reed beds, and grasslands. Most records are from lowland areas. Reproduction and development: Wild fishing cats most likely mate during January and February; most kittens in the wild were observed in March and April. However, fishing cats may mate as late as June. In captivity, the gestation period lasts 63–70 days; females give birth to an average of two to three kittens; the litter size can be as small as one to as large as four.

Bilingual Education

Transcript: Students drew pictures of how they take care of nature at home and at school. Here a student is participating in a writing workshop in spanish class. The teacher can be heard helping him connect sounds to letters. Bilingual Education for Social Justice To generate new ideas between the relationship between service-learning in preschool and language acquisition (little research on the topic exists) To test the success of having students participate in service-learning in a foreign language Provide a context for arguing that English only spaces are productive in not only language acquisition, but also social justice issues, especially when similar topics are explored in classes where the native language is spoken Mandel (2012) Research Objectives: Same Topics, Two languages Dual Language Environment for Academic Success This presentation provided an overview of the action research project "environmental awareness and prekindergarten that I carried out with my students in the Spring of 2012. My students successfully participated in a service learning project in all English environment, and I argue they were successful, at least in part because they had consistent native language support. I supported my argument with examples from research, which are ample, and show that students with a strong foundation in their native language are more likely to learn English faster and experience overall academic success. In addition, Bilingual education is linked with the principles of multicultural and social justice education, as it recognizes the value of one's heritage and culture. Mandel (2012) A video of a group discussion on the importance of trees, and why we need to take care of them. Students are telling me different things that trees provide us with. Content of interview answers as well as detailed observation through field notes, photos and videos of students allowed me to track students awareness of environmental issues as well as their English progress. I focused on evidence related to the 4 interview questions, and I saw huge improvements in students comprehension, throughout the study. P.E Activities Press Play Pre and post interviews were scored by rubric, on a 1-4 scale (4 being the highest). In the pre-interview, 56% of students scored a 2, and 25% scored a 3, while on the post interview 69% scored a 3 and 6% scored a 2. A paired t-test further compared the two sets of data and found the standard error of difference to be extremely statistically significant. The above quote validates my argument that my students success in their environmental awareness service- learning project can at least be partially attributed to the fact that hey were learning about the similar topics in classes instructed in Spanish. The kindergarten English teacher is reading a story and asking students questions about what they see in the book. In P.E students inquire about the changes that take place in the body after exercising My school, Colegio Alberto Einstein uses a dual immersion program where students spend 50% of the day in the English homeroom and 50% of the day in the Spanish homeroom. Special classes are taught in either English or Spanish. Research Questions: Qualitative Results Press play The first part of the presentation will consist of an overview of an action research study conducted in the Spring of 2012. The study was titled "Developing Environmental Awareness Through Service-Learning in Pre-kindergarten", and investigated the ability of native Spanish speakers to learn in an all English environment. The second part of the presentation will examine research on bilingual education, and the importance of instruction in the native language. Connections will be made between the success of my students to learn in all English environment, and the fact that they had continuous native language support. Methodology "The content should be the same in each lesson in both classes, only the language of instruction different" (Murphy, 2010, p.44). Continue viewing the presentation to see through the following photos and videos how students learn in a dual-immersion environment at my school: During a reading a workshop a student organizes the events of a story. She reads the story, and then reads different parts of the story, and puts them order, which demonstrates comprehension. Thank you for viewing and please feel free to contact me with any questions or comments at lmandel@mail.fresnostate.edu A long term study conducted by Wayne Thomas and Virginia Colier produced findings that students in a dual-immersion program outperformed students in English only programs and were less likely to drop out of school (Murphy, 2010). Mandel(2012) Computers Activities Water relays: Students did relay races with a cup of water in their hands, focusing on the importance of not letting the water spill, or else they would be wasting water. *Continue the presentation to zoom in on information In addition to the proven academic gains of

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